Forebrain regions

Glutaminase-immunoreactive neuronal cell bodies were observed in the mitral cell layer, in the outer part of the external plexiform layer, and periglomerular regions of the olfactory bulb (Figs. 2a,b and 3b Kaneko and Mizuno, 1992b). The neuropil in the external plexiform layer and that in the glomeruli were intensely immunolabeled for glutaminase. 

TABLE 1. Distribution of glutaminase immunoreactivity in the nervous system 

Septal and basal forebrain regions Medial septal nucleus Lateral septal nucleus Septofimbrial nucleus Nucleus of the diagonal band Substantia innominata Bed nucleus of the stria terminalis 

Basal ganglia Neostriatum Accumbens nucleus Globus pallidus Ventral pallidum Entopeduncular nucleus Subthalamic nucleus Endopiriform nucleus Claustrum 

Medial habenular nucleus Lateral habenular nucleus 

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Wilson, M.A. Ricaurte, G.A. and Molliver, M.E. The psychotropic drug 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) destroys serotonergic axons in primate forebrain Regional and laminar differences in vulnerability. Abstr Soc Neurosci 13 906, 1987. 

McQuade Sharp (1997) tested whether electrical stimulation of the DRN or the MRN releases 5-HT in rat forebrain regions in a pattern that correlates with the distribution of 5-HT projections from the serotonergic nuclei. Stimulation of the DRN evoked the release of 5-HT in the frontal cortex, dorsal striatum, globus pallidus, and ventral hippocampus. Conversely, 5-HT release in dialysates collected from the dorsal and ventral hippocampus and the medial septum was increased in response to MRN stimulation. Thus, the functional mapping of DRN... 

Depletions of 5-HT in forebrain regions as measured by HPLC-ECD 10-40 mg/kg, 4 days s.c., twice daily, 2 weeks Commins et al.68... 

Reductions in tryptophan hydroxylase activity in forebrain regions 10 mg/kg, S.C., single dose 2 weeks Stone et al.70... 

Knockout mice have also revealed further subunit requirements for the assembly of particular GABAa receptor subtypes. Thus, the absence of the a6 subunit in cerebellar granule cells results in a complete loss of 5 subunit protein, although mRNA expression levels were unaffected (59,62). These results indicate that the 8 subunit cannot be incorporated in a receptor lacking a() in cerebellar granule cells. Likewise, in 50/0 mice, the levels of a4 subunit protein are reduced in all forebrain regions in which the 8 subunit is normally abundant, pointing to a preferential co-assembly of these subunits in several neuronal populations (63). 

Korte SM, Meijer OC, de Kloet ER, Buwalda B, Keijser J, Sluyter F, van Oortmerssen G, Bohus B (1996) Enhanced 5-HTlA receptor expression in forebrain regions of aggressive house mice. Brain Res 736 338-343... 

Antoni FA, Palkovits M, Simpson J, Smith SM, Leitch AL, Rosie R, Fink G, Paterson JM (1998) Ca2+/ calcineurin-inhibited adenylyl cyclase, highly abundant in forebrain regions, is important for learning and memory. J Neurosci 75 9650-9661. 

Fig. 1. Tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA expression in a whole hemisphere horizontal human brain section (A) and coronal section of the human mesencephalon (B). Note the lack of TH mRNA expression in the forebrain regions, but widespread expression throughout the mesencephalon.

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