Cerebellar granule cells

Primary cultured cerebellar granule cells Increase in cytosolic [Ca2+] SR 48692 ... 

Rosa R, Rodriguez-Farre E, Sanfeliu C. 1996. Cytotoxicity of hexachlorocyclohexane isomers and cyclodienes in primary cultures of cerebellar granule cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 278(1) 163-169. 

Bachis A, Mocchetti I (2004) The chemokine receptor CXCR4 and not the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor mediates gpl20 neurotoxicity in cerebellar granule cells. J Neurosci Res 75(1) 75-82... 

Anandamide is found in human brain 100 pmol/g in the hippocampus, 75 pmol/g in the thalamus, 60 pmol/g in the cerebellum, and 55 pmol/g in the striatum (Martin, 1999). The concentration of AEA increases postmortem, especially when the brain is kept at ambient temperature. Furthermore, AEA surges are observed when cerebellar granule cells are treated in hypoxic conditions (Hillard, 1997). Although such concentration increases may be artifacts of postmortem brain damage, they may also occur in living tissue under certain conditions, such as hypoxia. 

The extent of the branching displayed by the dendrites is a useful index of their functional importance. Dendritic trees represent the expression of the receptive fields, and large fields can receive inputs from multiple origins. A cell with a less developed dendritic ramification, such as the cerebellar granule cell, has synapses with a more homogeneous population of afferent sources. 

C6P2/38 Cerebellar granule cells Tonic inhibition Extrasynaptic, BZ-insensitive, adult... 

AC7 is found in several tissues, with highest levels in lung and spleen, moderate levels in heart, and low levels in brain, kidney and skeletal muscle [13, 14]. In brain, the highest levels are found in cerebellar granule cells, while lower levels are seen in hippocampus, neocortex and striatum. AC9 is expressed in brain and skeletal muscle but also displays widespread distribution in other tissues. The soluble isoform sAC is enriched in testes but is also found in other tissues. 

Pannunzio, P., Hazell, A. S., Pannunzio, M., Rama Rao, K. V. and Butterworth, R. F. Thiamine deficiency results in metabolic acidosis and energy failure in cerebellar granule cells an in vitro model for the study of cell death mechanisms in Wernicke s encephalopathy. /. Neurosci. Res. 62 286-292, 2000. 

Brickley, S. G., Cull-Candy, S. G., and Farrant, M. (1996) Development of a tonic form of synaptic inhibition in rat cerebellar granule cells resulting from persistent activation of GABAA receptors. J. Physiol. 497(Pt 3), 753-759. 

Nusser, Z., Sieghart, W., and Somogyi, R (1998) Segregation of different GABAA receptors to synaptic and extrasynaptic membranes of cerebellar granule cells. J. Neurosci. 18, 1693-1703. 

Knockout mice have also revealed further subunit requirements for the assembly of particular GABAa receptor subtypes. Thus, the absence of the a6 subunit in cerebellar granule cells results in a complete loss of 5 subunit protein, although mRNA expression levels were unaffected (59,62). These results indicate that the 8 subunit cannot be incorporated in a receptor lacking a() in cerebellar granule cells. Likewise, in 50/0 mice, the levels of a4 subunit protein are reduced in all forebrain regions in which the 8 subunit is normally abundant, pointing to a preferential co-assembly of these subunits in several neuronal populations (63). 

Tretter, V., Hauer, B., Nusser, Z et al. (2001) Targeted disruption of the GABAa receptor 8 subunit gene leads to an up-regulation of y2 subunit-containing receptors in cerebellar granule cells. J. Biol. Chem. 276, 10532-10538. 

Bisaglia M, Natalini B, Pellicciari R, Straface E, Malorni W, Monti D, Franceschi C, Schettini G (2000) C3-fullero-tris-methanodicarboxylic acid protects cerebellar granule cells from apoptosis. J. Neurochem. 74 1197-1204. 

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