Food Manufacturing Institute

Market Trends of the 1990s. The United States spice market can be divided into three sectors based on appHcation industrial, ie, food processing and manufacture institutional, ie, restaurants, hospitals, schools, and military and retail. The food manufacturers and institutions account for almost 65% of U.S. spice usage, an increase from about 40% in the 1980s. Retail food outiets make up most of the remainder. 

It is possible to sell directly to the consumer (via farm shops, farmers markets, mail order and internet), or to restaurants and institutional buyers, or to brokers, distributors, wholesalers, processors, food manufacturers, millers, abattoirs, butchers, farm shops, co-operatives, local retail stores, speciality stores and large supermarket chains. If one outlet does not work, it is possible to switch to another. Some farmers use multiple outlets, selling directly to consumers as well as commercially to middlemen. In this way, the farmer is not reliant on just one outlet. Some farmers also take the decision to have their own processing facility, such as milk processing or cheese-making. 

Most natural foods contain small amounts of tin but canned foods may have significant tin levels (NAS 1977 WHO 1980). Tin concentrations in fresh meats, cereals, and vegetables reportedly range from 0.1 to 1.0 mg tin/kg (Schafer and Femfert 1984). However, concentrations of tin ranging from 1.8 to 500 mg/kg have been reported in canned foods (Schafer and Femfert 1984 Sherlock 1987), with usual values below 100 mg/kg (NAS 1977). Foods from all- lacquered cans usually had tin concentrations below 25 mg/kg (WHO 1980). Current data from the Can Manufacturers Institute (CMI 1988) indicate that more than 90% of tin-lined cans used for food today are lacquered. Only light colored fruit and fruit juices are packed in unlacquered cans, since tin helps maintain the color of the fruit. 

In every country, the use of food additives in the food manufacturing and pharmaceuticals industries is preceded by obligatory toxicological assays, hedged with very stringent laws and strict hygienic and sanitary requirements, it is strictly monitored by authorized institutions, which should guarantee food safety. 

You could also work for a company that manufactures retail food products, or a company that supports food manufacturers by supplying ingredients, processing equipment or packaging material. Likewise, you might be employed by a company that provides services related to institutional feeding. Food chemists in private industry may work in test kitchens while they are investigating new techniques. 

Research done by The University of Colorado, together with Grocery Manufacturers Association (GMA), Food Marketing Institute (FMl) and the National Association of Chain Drug Stores (NACDS), reported several root causes of Out-of-Stocks (OOS), being low demand forecast accuracy one of the critical causes. 

These data are consistent with figures for production of Pb-seamed cans as a fraction of the total, tabulated in Table 6.43. These data were provided to this author by the Can Manufacturers Institute (CMl) as part of a communication from CMl General Counsel R.R. Budlay to P. Mushak (August 27, 1990). In 1979, Pb-seamed food cans represented 90.3%, or 27.576 billion units of total container production. By 1984, such containers represented only 41.55%, or 11.683 billion imits, of total production. The 1989 fraction was only 1.117 bilUon containers or 3.71% of total can production. 

Bakeries use about 50% of the processed eggs food manufacturers about 40% and institutions about 10%. 

Frank R- Spellman is assistant professor of environmental health at Old Dominion University in Norfolk, Virginia. He is a professional member of the American Society of Safety Engineers, the Water Environment Federation, and the Institute of Hazardous Materials Managers. He is also a board-certified Safety Professional and board-certified Hazardous Materials Manager, with more than thirty-five years of experience in environmental science and engineering. He has authored more than fifty books, including Occupational Safety and Health Simplified for the Food Manufacturing Industry (2007) with Revonna M. Bieber. 

The Food Chemicals Codex. The Food Chemicals Codex is developed by the Committee on Pood Chemicals Codex, which is a part of the Pood and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine, National Academy of Sciences, under a contract with the U.S. PDA. The Committee has the responsibihty for the development and revision of the PCC. To meet this responsibiUty, the Committee also contacts manufacturers, trade associations, and other knowledgeable parties to obtain comments and criticisms of monographs proposed by the committee. Broader pubHc input is sought by pubhcation, by the PDA in the FederalFegister, of current committee activity regarding new and revised monographs proposed for inclusion in the PCC. 

A copy of this report is routinely sent to the Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP), to the manufacturer.labeler, and to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). USP may release my identity to (check boxes that apply)... 

The file may be queried In response to questions from clinical staff at the National Institutes of Health and physlr-clans and laboratory scientists throughout the country who submit their problems by letter or telephone The file has been used to provide Information for a pharmaceutical manufacturing company preparing a new drug application to the Food and Drug Administration For the latter organlzatloi the file has been... 

There are specific GMP requirements, particularly for medicinal products and food additives. Both the European institutions and the FDA impose constraints and require the approval of any modification in manufacturing of the products concerned. 

Genpak, a plastic products manufacturer, and Mobil are in the process of opening and operating one of the first plants to recycle polystyrene foam items such as food containers, cups, and cutlery. The materials are being collected from Massachusetts schools and institutions by New England CRInc, a major reclamation firm and recycled materials end-use manufacturer. The plant has a capacity to recycle 3 million lb per year of polystyrene resin, which will be reused by the companies or sold to producers of insulation, fence posts, and flower pots. The new company is expecting a profit by 1992. 

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