Water flush

Schwemm-land, n. alluvial land, -stein, m. a kind of porous brick made from clay and gravel, porous concrete block pumice stone, -verfahren, n. flotation process, -wasser, n. wash water flushing water. 

Spfilwaseer, n. rinsing water wash water flushing water dishwater. 

Surfactant washing is among the most promising in situ chemical treatment methods. Surfactants can improve the solvent property of the flushing water, emulsify nonsoluble organics, and enhance the removal of hydrophobic organics sorbed onto soil particles. 

Water withdrawal Sand removal (sand flushing) Water return Water storage Structural interventions... 

Cut-off tools and small drills are more hazardous because of the poor cooling conditions. These operations, if necessary, should be performed at low speeds with intermittent cutting and frequent flushing. Water should be used wherever practical as a coolant, although tests at high speed under dry conditions are... 

Flush water for 1 minute prior to collecting samples. 

To fix this problem in Port Arthur, I connected an external source of seal flush water to the pump, from a nearby washwater station. Pumps which have subatmospheric suction pressures, and which are not in continuous service, should not be self-flushed pumps. They should have an external source of seal-flush material connected to the mechanical seal. 

Laboratory analysis of flush water indicates that some non-magnetic iron oxide may also be retained by the EMF. The non-magnctic iron removal is believed to be due to the presence of magnetic/noii-magnetic composite particles, which are magnetically attracted by the filter. 

The toluene solution of oligomethylsiloxanes, which is formed by hydrolytic cocondensation, is held in the hydrolyser for 1.5-2 hours to separate water. The lower layer (water) is poured through a run-down box into collector 10 and sent to biochemical purification the organic layer (toluene solution of oligomethylsiloxanes) is washed with water until it gives a neutral reaction. Acid flush waters are also poured through a run-down box into collector 10 and then sent to biochemical purification. 

After the whole of triacetoxymethylsilane has been introduced, the reactive mixture is heated to 120 °C and cooled to 40 °C by filling the jacket of reactor 5 with water. The obtained product is washed until the flush waters give a neutral reaction. The flush waters enter collector 7 and from there are sent through a hydraulic gate to biochemical purification. 

To flush the product of hydrolytic cocondensation, the hydrolyser is loaded with a calculated amount of water, the contents of the apparatus are agitated for 30 minutes and settled for 1 hour. The lower layer, the flushed solution of the product, is sent into collector 11, and the upper layer (flush waters) is sent into neutraliser 10 and at pH 6-8 is sent to biochemical purification. 

The hydrolysate is filtered from sulfuric acid in nutsch filter 8 with glass cloth. It is collected in collector 9 and is pumped as needed into batch box 7. The solid hydrolysed mixture remaining in the filter is repeatedly flushed with water until the flush waters give a neutral reaction. The acidic flush waters are poured into neutraliser 10 pre-filled with a 40% alkali solution the amount of the solution is calculated by the acid content in the flush waters. 

The acid aqueous layers and flush waters from apparatuses 7, 12, 13, 16 are sent into apparatus 11 and neutralised with 20-42% alkali. The contents of the neutraliser are agitated for 30 minutes and sampled for acidity. If pH is 6.5-8.5, the neutral aqueous-acetone solution is sent with a batching pump to regenerate acetone. 

The acid is sent to biochemical purification, and the hydrolysate is subjected to two-stage flushing with water in hydroejectors 5 and 7. The hydrolysate is flushed until pH is 5- 6 and separated from flush waters in Florentine flasks 6 and 8 and in container 9. 

The weight ratio of the water and etherified product sent into the tower should be 1 10. During the hydrolytic condensation the mixture is sampled to determine the content of chlorine, butoxyl and hydroxyl groups and the flush water is tested for acidity. The finished product should have not more than 2% of chlorine, 15% of butoxyl groups and 3% of hydroxyl groups. If the chlorine content is above the norm, the product is subjected to repeated hydrolytic condensation. 

The reactive mixture is agitated in apparatus 8 for 30 minutes at 20-40 °C and settled for 1-2 hours. The separated neutral polymer solution is decanted out of apparatus 8 into a distillation tank (not shown in the diagram) the sediment of sodium chloride in apparatus 8 is dissolved with water the flush waters are sent to biochemical purification. 

The process is continuous supplementaiy operations at this stage are the flushing of hydrogen chloride, the separation of ethyl dichloride from flush waters and the neutralisation of flush waters (aqueous alcohol solution). 

The process is carried out periodically, in the presence of OP-7 catalyst. The supplementaiy reactions are the flushing of the reactive mixture, the separation of the target product from the flush waters, the diying of the moist product and the rectification and absolution of ethyl alcohol. 

System flushes are typically used when an RO system goes off-line, comes back on-line, and during stand-by mode. The purpose of the off-line and stand-by flushes is to rid the feed/concentrate side of the membrane of either high concentrations of feed water species or to stir up materials that may have settled on the membrane during down time. The on-line flush (when the membranes come back on line) is to reduce the conductivity in the RO permeate before sending the permeate on to further processing or to the ultimate use. Flush water is typically sent to drain. 

Spent resin is transferred from the column through a 10-mm-diam tube to a resin storage tank. The flush water continuously overflows the storage tank through a screen to the ORNL Intermediate Level Liquid Waste System. 

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