Fluoroquinolones chemical structure

Fig. 1 Chemical structures of some of the most important antibiotics used nowadays divided into the most representative families fluoroquinolones, sulfonamides, penicillins, macrolides, and tetracyclines. Another important antibiotic, chloramphenicol, is also shown...

This review summarized the chemistry of the new fluoroquinolones and highlights structural modifications of the classical structures. The different methods of synthesis are reviewed for the most important representatives of each critical modification. Synthesis of chiral derivatives are also discussed in relation with the place of the chiral center at N-1 or Cl position. The chemical structures of the most often cited derivatives in the literature up to September 1989 are also given. The future Trends are briefly discussed in relation with in vitro and vivo activity and toxicity. 

Chemical structure on which fluoroquinolones are based used for urinary tract infections caused by Gram-negatives orally administered. 

Martorell, C. Calpena, A.C. Escribano, E. Poblet, J.M. Freixas, J. Influence of the chromatographic capacity factor (log L) as an index of lipophilicity in the antibacterial activity of a series of 6-fluoroquinolones. Relationship between physico-chemical and structural properties and their hydrophobicity. J. Chromatogr., A 1993, 655, 177-184. 

As was used in much of our earlier work on incorporation of antibiotic into existing polyester substrates, Cipro was the antibiotic chosen for this study. Antibiotics vary m structural type, spectrum of activity, and clinical usefidness. Cipro is one of the fluoroquinolones, a family of more than ten antibiotics and the drug of choice for many applications" . Quinolone antibiotics are chemically stable, and effective at low concentrations against the common clinically encountered organisms, particularly those bacteria responsible for biomaterial infection". These antibiotics also have structural features (solubility, molecular mass, and functional groups) that coincide with those of textile dyes and our previous wodc has shown that these similarities lead to the potential for dye-like interactions with polymeric materials " . 

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