Fluorescence microscopy applications

This kind of fluorescence microscopy application would be useful for breeders when they have to estimate fertility of mother plants before... 

N. L. Thompson, K. H. Pearce, and H. V. Hsieh, Total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy Application to substrate-supported planar membranes, Eur. Biophys. J. 22, 367-378 (1993). 

Comet Test for Environmental Genotoxicity Evaluation A Fluorescence Microscopy Application... 

See also Biochemical Applications of Fluorescence Spectroscopy Fluorescence Microscopy, Applications Fluorescent Molecular Probes Fluorescence Polarization and Anisotropy Inorganic Condensed Matter, Applications of Luminescence Spectroscopy UV-Visible Absorption and Fluorescence Spectrometers X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometers X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy, Applications. 

See also Cells Studied By NMR Colorimetry, Theory Dyes and Indicators, Use of UV-Visible Absorption Spectroscopy Fluorescence Microscopy, Applications. 

Sekatskii S K and Ketokhov V S 1996 Single fluorescence centres on the tips of crystal needles first observation and prospects for application in scanning one-atom fluorescence microscopy Appl. Phys. B 63 525-30... 

Noise can be also introduced by biochemical heterogeneity of the specimen. This can be a major cause of uncertainty in biological imaging. The high (three-dimensional) spatial resolution of fluorescence microscopy results in low numbers of fluorophores in the detection volume. In a typical biological sample, the number of fluorophores in the detection volume can be as low as 2-3 fluorophores for a confocal microscope equipped with a high NA objective at a fluorescent dye concentration of 100 nM. This introduces another source of noise for imaging applications, chemical or molecular noise, related to the inherent randomness of diffusion and the interaction of molecules. 

Fisz, J. J. (2007). Fluorescence polarization spectroscopy at combined high-aperture excitation and detection Application to one-photon-excitation fluorescence microscopy. J. Phys. Chem. A 111, 8606-21. 

Burmeister JS, Olivier LA, Reichert WM, Truskey GA (1998) Application of total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy to study cell adhesion to biomaterials. Biomaterials 19 307-325... 

Purposes of the Application of Fluorescence Microscopy to Pistils Stained by Aniline Blue... 

Plant Cells and Tissues Structure-Function Relationships. Methods for the Cytochemical/Histochemical Localization of Plant Cell/Tissue Chemicals. Methods in Light Microscope Radioautography. Some Fluorescence Microscopical Methods for Use with Algal, Fungal, and Plant Cells. Fluorescence Microscopy of Aniline Blue Stained Pistils. A Short Introduction to Immunocytochemistry and a Protocol for Immunovi-sualization of Proteins with Alkaline Phosphatase. The Fixation of Chemical Forms on Nitrocellulose Membranes. Dark-Field Microscopy and Its Application to Pollen Tube Culture. Computer-Assisted Microphotometry. Isolation and Characterization of... 

Various solutions have been proposed for the reduction or elimination of autofluorescence. One way is to chemically suppress the autofluorescence signal with some reagents such as sodium borohydride, glycine or toluidine blue. However, in many cases, these approaches are either infeasible or ineffective, and none of them fully eliminates the problem. The second way is to use spectral unmixing algorithms subtracting the background fluorescence. This is only possible if you have at your disposal complicated, expensive confocal optics with sophisticated automated software (http //www.cri-inc.com/applications/fluorescence-microscopy.asp). 

Albert H. Coons was the first to attach a fluorescent dye (fluorescein isocyanate) to an antibody and to use this antibody to localize its respective antigen in a tissue section. Fluorescein, one of the most popular fluorochromes ever designed, has enjoyed extensive application in immunofluorescence labeling. For many years, classical fluorescent probes such as FITC or Texas red (TR) have been successfully utilized in fluorescence microscopy. In recent decades, brighter and more stable fluorochromes have continually been developed (see Table 14.1). Marketed by a number of distributors, cyanine dyes, Cy2, Cy3, Cy5, Cy7, feature enhanced water solubility and photostability as well as a higher fluorescence emission intensity as compared to many of the traditional dyes, such as FITC or TR. 

Brumberg EM, Krylova TN (1953) Application dividing mirrors for interferometry in fluorescent microscopy. Zh Obshch Biol 14 461 464... 

Squaraines 17a-17c were encapsulated in these macrocyles to form the corresponding pseudorotaxanes. Squaraine rotaxanes 14 and 15 with a phenylene tetralactam macrocycle have absorption/emission profiles (Table 3) that closely match those of Cy5, whereas squaraine rotaxanes 16 D 17 with an anthrylene macrocycle have a red-shifted absorption/emission that matches that of the homologous cyanine Cy5.5 (Table 4). These rotaxanes should be useful for fluorescence microscopy imaging applications. 

Confocal fluorescence microscopy has been extensively used in cell biology. Single living cells can indeed be studied by this technique visualization of organelles, distribution of electrical potential, pH imaging, Ca2+ imaging, etc. (Lemasters, 1996). Interesting applications in chemistry have also been reported in the fields of colloids, liquid crystals and polymer blends. 

Davidson R. S. (1996) Application of Fluorescence Microscopy to a Study of Chemical Problems, Chem. Soc. Rev. 241—53. 

There has been a continued interest in examining the properties of intact living cells using fluorescence microscopy. This field has seen considerable advances since the application of digital imaging techniques. In examining whole cells, one has to be especially aware of the location(s) of the probe. This is particularly important when bulk measurements are to be made on intact cells. 

C. L. Poglitsch and N. L. Thompson, Substrate-supported planar membranes containing murine antibody Fc receptors A total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy study, in Biosensor Technology, Fundamentals and Applications (R. P. Buck, W. E. Hatfield, M. Umafiia, and E. F. Bowden, eds.), pp. 375-382, Marcel Dekker, New York (1990). 

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