Fluorescence liquid chromatography

Munns, R.K. Sliimoda, W. Roybal, J.E. Vieira, C. Multiresidue method for determination of eight neutral p-lactam penicillins in milk by fluorescence-liquid chromatography. J.Assoc.Off.Anal.Chem., 1985, 68, 968-971... 

Chemical methods Inhibitory substances are extracted from the milk and then detected chemically by thin-layer chromatography, HPLC, fluorescence liquid chromatography, gas chromatography (GC), electrophoresis, bioautoradiography, ELISA, radioimmunoassay, enzymatic methods, and other forms of immunological methods. They are usually more specific than the microbiological methods. 

Despite their importance, gas chromatography and liquid chromatography cannot be used to separate and analyze all types of samples. Gas chromatography, particularly when using capillary columns, provides for rapid separations with excellent resolution. Its application, however, is limited to volatile analytes or those analytes that can be made volatile by a suitable derivatization. Liquid chromatography can be used to separate a wider array of solutes however, the most commonly used detectors (UV, fluorescence, and electrochemical) do not respond as universally as the flame ionization detector commonly used in gas chromatography. 

A T Rhys Williams, Fluorescence Detection in Liquid Chromatography, Perkin-Elmer, Beaconsfield, 1980... 

Gandla-Herrero, R, Garcla-Carmona, R, and Escribano, J., A novel method using high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection for the determination of betaxanthins, J. Chromatogr. A, 1078, 83, 2005. 

Improved high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods have been developed for the analysis of quaternary salt type corrosion inhibitors in brine waters [400]. However, these methods are not suitable for imidazolines and amido-amines. A method based on fluorescence detection has been described for the quantitative analysis of the imidazoline- and amido-amine-type corrosion inhibitors in both oil field water and crude oil samples by HPLC [1174]. 

A method should be able both to quantify the amount of marker drug residue present in the sample and to identify the compound unambiguously. Historically, this required two distinct procedures a determinative procedure used to quantify the analyte, and a confirmatory procedure used to unequivocally identify the analyte. The need for two procedures was driven by the limitations of available technology. Most determinative methods over the last two decades have been based on liquid chromatography, usually with ultraviolet (UV)/visible or fluorescence defection. Limitations of cost. 

Milbemectin consists of two active ingredients, M.A3 and M.A4. Milbemectin is extracted from plant materials and soils with methanol-water (7 3, v/v). After centrifugation, the extracts obtained are diluted to volume with the extraction solvent in a volumetric flask. Aliquots of the extracts are transferred on to a previously conditioned Cl8 solid-phase extraction (SPE) column. Milbemectin is eluted with methanol after washing the column with aqueous methanol. The eluate is evaporated to dryness and the residual milbemectin is converted to fluorescent anhydride derivatives after treatment with trifluoroacetic anhydride in 0.5 M triethylamine in benzene solution. The anhydride derivatives of M.A3 and M.A4 possess fluorescent sensitivity. The derivatized samples are dissolved in methanol and injected into a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system equipped with a fluorescence detector for quantitative determination. 

Steichen, J. C., A dual-purpose absorbance-fluorescence detector for high-pressure liquid chromatography, /. Chromatogr., 104, 39, 1975. 

Van Den Beld, C. M. B. and Lingeman, H., Laser-based detection in liquid chromatography with emphasis on laser-induced fluorescence detection, Pract. Spectrosc., 12, 237, 1991. 

Shelly, D. C. and Warner, I. M., Fluorescence detectors in high-performance liquid chromatography, in Liquid Chromatography Detectors, Vol. 23, Vickrey, T. M., ed., Marcel Dekker, New York, 1983, chap. 3. 

Franco, C. M., Fente, C. A., Vazquez, B., Cepeda, A., Lallaoui, L., Prognon, P., and Mahuzier, G., Simple and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence method for the determination of citrinin. Application to the analysis of fungal cultures and cheese extracts, /. Chromatogr. A, 723, 69, 1996. 

Mitsui, A., Nohta, H., and Ohkura, Y., High-performance liquid chromatography of plasma catecholamines using 1,2-diphenylethylenediamine as precolumn fluorescence derivatization reagent, /. Chromatogr., 344, 61, 1985. 

Mukherjee, P. S. and Karnes, H. T., Ultraviolet and fluorescence derivatization reagents for carboxylic acids suitable for high performance liquid chromatography A review, Biomed. Chromatogr., 10, 193, 1996. 

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