Mixing fluids

The laminar flow is prevalent in the microfluidic channel. Solution mixing, which has mainly been accomplished by diffusion, is slow, even in the presence of pillar structures [739]. Other than diffusive mixing, various approaches employed to promote the mixing efficiency are described in subsequent sections. 

FIGURE 3.38 A micromixer based on distributive mixing. Flow visualization using fluorescein and rhodamine B at a total flow rate of 50 mL/min. Only 10 out of 16 ministreams are shown [466]. Reprinted with permission from the Royal Society of Chemistry. 

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TATTERSON Fluid Mixing and Gas Dispersion in Agitated Tanks TATTERSON Scale-up of Industrial Mixing Processes VVILLIG Environmental TQM... 

Fluid mechanics Fluid mixing Fluids, ferromagnetic Flumann... 

These nitrogen solutions are used both for direct field appHcation and as a nitrogen ingredient in fluid mixed fertilizers. 

Fluid mixing is a unit operation carried out to homogenize fluids in terms of concentration of components, physical properties, and temperature, and create dispersions of mutually insoluble phases. It is frequently encountered in the process industry using various physical operations and mass-transfer/reaction systems (Table 1). These industries include petroleum (qv), chemical, food, pharmaceutical, paper (qv), and mining. The fundamental mechanism of this most common industrial operation involves physical movement of material between various parts of the whole mass (see Supplement). This is achieved by transmitting mechanical energy to force the fluid motion. 

N. Hamby, Fluid Mixing III, The Institution of Chemical Engineers, Symposium, Series No. 108, Hemisphere PubHshers, New York, 1988. 

G. B. Tatterson, Fluid Mixing and Gas Dispersion inMgitated Tanks, McGraw-HiU, Inc., New York, 1991. 

The polysulfide impression materials can be formulated to have a wide range of physical and chemical characteristics by modifying the base (polysulfide portion), and/or the initiator system. Further changes may be obtained by varying the proportion of the base to the catalyst in the final mix. Characteristics varied by these mechanisms include viscosity control from thin fluid mixes to heavy thixotropic mixes, setting-time control, and control of the set-mbber hardness from a Shore A Durometer scale of 20 to 60. Variations in strength, toughness, and elasticity can also be achieved. 

TATTERSON Fluid Mixing and Gas Dispersion in Agitated Tanks... 

FIG. 6-39 Typical stirred tank configurations, showing time-averaged flow patterns for axial flow and radial flow impellers. From Oldshue, Fluid Mixing Technology, McGraw-Hill, New Yo7 k, 1983.)... 

FIG. 16-9 General scheme of adsorbent particles in a packed bed showing the locations of mass transfer and dispersive mechanisms. Numerals correspond to mimhered paragraphs in the text 1, pore diffusion 2, solid diffusion 3, reaction kinetics at phase boundary 4, external mass transfer 5, fluid mixing. 

Proceedings Fluid Mixing, vol. I, Inst. Chem. Eng. Symp., Ser. No. 64... 

EMI Incorporated Manufacturer of fluid mixing equipment, including impeller designs for flow controlled applications in chemical processing, coatings, food, and pharmaceutical, http //www.emimixers.com... 

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