Fluid cracking catalyst

ALUMRJUMCOMPOUNDS - ALUMINIUMOXIDE(ALUMINA) - ACTIVATED] (Vol 2) Fluid cracking catalysts (FCC)... 

The microactivity test provides data to assess the relative performance of fluid cracking catalysts. ... 

Fluid Cracking Catalysts, edited by Mario L. Occelli and Paul O Connor Catalysis of Organic Reactions, edited by Frank E. Herkes The Chemistry and Technology of Petroleum, Third Edition, Revised and Expanded, James G. Speight... 

Ocelli, M. L., Metal-Resistant Fluid Cracking Catalyst Thirty Years Of Research, ACS Symposium Series, No. 52, Washington, DC., 1990, p. 343. 

Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Advances in Fluid Cracking Catalysts (FCCs), New York, September 7-11, 2003 edited by M. Occelll... 

Fluid Cracking Catalysts, edited by Mario L. Occelli and Paul O Connor... 

Both devices described above were developed in order to test the friability of fluid-cracking catalysts. Nowadays the application of these or similar tests is a common procedure in the development of fluidized bed catalysts. Contractor et al. (1989), for example, used a submerged-jet test to compare the attrition resistance of newly developed VPO catalysts. In fact, such tests can be applied to any type of fluidized bed processes. Sometimes they have to be slightly modified to adapt them to the process under consideration. The drilled plate may, for example, be substituted by... 

Active EP additives, 75 224 Active mass, 3 409 Active-matrix components, in fluid cracking catalysts, 77 680 Active matrix liquid-crystal displays (AMLCDs)... 

Prior to 1938, gasoline was obtained from thermal-cracking plants then the Houdry fixed-bed catalytic cracking process led to the development of a fluidized-bed process by Standard Oil for the catalytic production of motor fuels (4-8). Acid-treated clays of the montmorilIonite type were the first fluid-cracking catalysts widely employed by the industry. However, the ever greater demand for aviation fuels during the 1939-1945 period prompted the search for more active and selective catalysts. Research on novel catalyst... 

Trends on Metal Levels on Equilibrium Fluid Cracking Catalysts (28). 

Steam pre-treatment of fluid cracking catalysts has been conventionally employed to represent the deactivation occurring in a commercial FCC unit. Appropriate steam pre-treatment methods have been developed so that the activity and selectivity of the steam pre-treated catalyst is equivalent to a commercially deactivated catalyst (12). However, a unique steaming method may not be suitable for catalysts of varying compositions (12). Two steaming methods designed to simulate deactivation in a commercial unit of the two types of catalysts used in this work were employed. Super-D was treated for 8 hours at 732 C with a steam pressure of 2 atmospheres. The catalysts containing ZSM-5 were treated for 12 hours at 827°C with a steam partial pressure of 0.2 atmosphere. 

World-Wide there is approximately 1000 tons of fluid cracking catalyst manufactured each day. Of this, about 35% contains some form of aluminum deficient zeolite Y, one whose SiOz/AlaOa ratio exceeds 5.5 1, and whose performance is generally characterized by enhanced olefin formation and higher gasoline research and motor octane number. The aluminum deficient... 

DFCr systems appear to have the necessary metals tolerance to process residual oils and the abundant, cheaper, but heavily vanadium-contaminated, Venezuelan and Mexican crudes (1-4). Therefore, the dual function fluid cracking catalyst (DFCC) concept could lead to the generation of important catalysts for U.S. refineries should Middle East politics cause another sudden escalation in crude oil prices and availability. The concept is... 

Occelli, M. L. and Stencel, J. M., "Surface-metals Interactions in Fluid Cracking Catalysts During the Upgrading of Nickel Contaminated Gas Oils," 9th Int. Congr. Catalysis, Calgary, Canada (1988), accepted. 

X-ray Absorption Study of Vanadium in Fluid Cracking Catalysts... 

Catalyst. The catalyst used in this study is an equilibrium Octacat fluid cracking catalyst from a US refinery. The metal analysis of this catalyst and its MAT cracking performance are given in Table I and Table II, respectively. 

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