Florida citrus products, processed

Processed Florida Citrus Products 6-Year Average 1973-1978 (JL)... 

Florida Department of Citrus, Standards for Processed Citrus Products, 1979 Section 20-64.03, 20-64.09. 

Data from a statistical report ( ) indicated that over one million tons of dried citrus pulp and pellets were produced during a recent season from the Florida crop, which was about 70% of total U. S. citrus production. This by-product is important to the function of the citrus processing industry and to many livestock producers who use it as a cattle feed supplement. 

In order to monitor the flavor of their products more closely, the Florida Citrus Processors Association has contracted with the USDA Processed Products Branch to operate a taste panel in which current FCOJ production is tested on a weekly basis. The panel consists of local consumers (generally housewives) and personnel from each of the participating plants (other types of citrus products have been evaluated in the past). Panelists rate samples on a 9-point scale from a low of "extremely poor" to a high of "excellent". Juices are ranked according to flavor score and a copy of the rankings are sent to each processor with only that particular processor s product identified (3). 

About two thirds of the citrus produced worldwide is consumed as fresh fruit. Unfortunately, citrus utilised as fresh fruit cannot constitute a source of commercial flavours. However, in certain high-production countries such as the USA (Florida) and Brazil, the majority of the citrus crop is processed. In Florida over 90% of the orange crop is processed and is a major source for citrus flavouring material. Citrus fruits are processed primarily into juice, but oil from the outer layer of the peel, flavedo, and the condensate from making concentrated juice are also major sources of flavour products from citrus fruit. 

Processed orange products accounted for the usage of about 81% of the domestic orange crop between the years 1973 and 1978, as can be seen in Table II. Frozen concentrated orange juice in that period was by far the major product of the U.S. citrus industry, which is concentrated in 4 states Florida, California, Texas, and Arizona, with Florida being the dominant factor in the industry. 

In neither process is it commercially feasible to produce a dehydrated juice without the addition of a drying aid, although 100% orange juice has been produced with the continuous vacuum belt dehydrator (42,A3). This product is extremely hygroscopic and very temperature sensitive. As a result, the product "cakes" or hardens if exposed to moist air or to temperatures much above 24°C. The product is also subject to browning if not stored at refrigerated temperatures. Dehydrated citrus juices are produced on a vacuum belt dryer at Crystals International, Plant City, Florida, and are items of commerce. 

Nearly 5 million metric tons of citrus peel and pulp waste materials are produced annually In the manufacturing of concentrated citrus juices In Florida. Although these materials are currently processed Into cattle feed, they are rich In polysaccharides and can be considered as a source of dietary fiber. Alcohol-Insoluble solids (AIS) of 3 different fractions of the processing residues discharged from commercial juice manufacturing equipment were analyzed for pectin, easily hydrolyzable polysaccharides, and cellulose. Two varieties of orange and one of grapefruit that are the predominant citrus fruit used in Juice production were included In this study. 

Production By mechanical processes ( pressing , citrus oils) from the peel of the sweet orange. Citrus sinensis origin Brazil, USA (California, Florida), Israel, Italy, Spain. O. is usually obtained as a by-product in the production of orange juice. With an annual world-wide production of ca. 200001, O. is quantitatively the second most important essential oil sifter turpentine oil. 

Johnson, G. D., Harsy, S. G., Geronimo, J. and Wise, J. M., 2001. Orthophenylphenol and phenylhydroquinone residues in citrus fruit and processed citms products after postharvest fungicidal treatments with sodium orthophenylphenate in California and Florida. J Agricultural Food Chem. 49, 2497-2502. 

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