Flammable Solids, Oxidizers and Organic Peroxides

For the purpose of the DOT regulation, Flammable solid is any solid material, other than one classed as an explosive, which under conditions normally incident to transportation is liable to cause fires through friction, retained heat from manufacturing or processing, or which can be ignited readily and persistently as to create a serious transportation hazard. Included in this class are spontaneously combustible and water-reactive materials. (49CFR 173.150) 

An oxidizer is a substance, liquid or solid such as a chlorate, permangate, inorganic peroxide, or a nitrate, that yields oxygen readily to stimulate the combustion of organic matter. (49CFR 173.151) 

Because of the descriptive nature of the flammable solid and oxidizer definitions it is difficult to determine if a material falls within the definition of either hazard class. In efforts to make both definitions more specific and to provide tests which would allow appropriate classification, the Materials Transportation Bureau has requested comments on new definitions and proposed test methods for the flammable solid and oxidizer hazard classes. The reader should become aware of these test methods definitions since they could become part of the regulatory framework. In addition, the test methods could serve as guidance, even at present, for decisions involved in classifying a material as a flammable solid or as an oxidizer. 

The criteria used for skin and metal corrosion are as follows  

As in many other instances in the DOT regulations, if human experience or other data indicates that the hazard of a material is greater or less than indicated by the results of the tests, DOT may revise the material s classification or make the material subject to the regulations. 

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It is an oxidizer as defined by DOT (see Flammable Solids, Oxidizers and Organic Peroxides earlier in the chapter). 

This section contains a number of regulations aimed at specifically identified substances (e.g., in Subpart D, fiammable, combustible, and pyrophoric liquids in Subpart E, flammable solids, oxidizers, and organic peroxides) and must be consulted by any shipper subject to EPA s pretransport regulation. 

The Department of Transportation (DOT) defines the term hazardous materials (or hazmat) as materials capable of posing an unreasonable risk to health, safety, and property, when transported in commerce. Each person who offers a material for transport must determine whether the material is hazardous. That is, the person must determine whether it is identified as an explosive, gas, flammable or combustible liquid, flammable solid, oxidizer or organic peroxide, poison, radioactive material, corrosive, or miscellaneous hazardous material. 

ALPEROX C (105-74-8) A flammable solid (flash point <127°F/<53°C). A powerful oxidizer and organic peroxide. Violent reaction with reducing agents, organic matter, thiocyanates. May ignite or explode spontaneously when heated, on contact with hot surfaces, when mixed with combustible materials, or otherwise contaminated. Shock- or friction-sensitive when heated. 

LYP (105-74-8) A flammable solid (flash point <127°F/<53 C). A powerful oxidizer and organic peroxide. Violent reaction with reducing agents, organic matter, thiocyanates. 

By the use of the improved time/pressure testing rig, an assessment of the hazard of deflagration has been made for a series of chemicals as mixtures of oxidizers and flammable substances, 8 2 8 a 8 8 ( explosives 88 ) 0 and organic peroxides 8 3 8 81. Many of the compounds evaluated in these tests are solids, and it is thought that the hazard associated with deflagration may be affected by the granular size of the samples tested. It is, therefore, important to determine if the size of the grains affects the test results. 

An ORM-D material is a material that is classed as a flammable liquid, corrosive material, flammable compressed gas, flammable solid, oxidizing material, or organic peroxide, that, due to its limited quantity in a package, may be described and shipped as an ORM material. 

Thysical hazard which means a chemical that is classified as posing one of the following hazardous effects explosive flammable (gases, aerosols, liquids, or solids) oxidizer (liquid, solid or gas) self-reactive p5rrophoric (liquid or solid) self-heating organic peroxide corrosive to metal gas under pressure or in contact with water emits flammable gas and... 

There are nine classes of dangerous goods, with divisions of some classes. The classes are explosive flammable and non-flammable non-toxic gases flammable liquids flammable solids and spontaneously combustible materials oxidizing substances and organic peroxides toxic and infectious substances radioactive and fissile materials corrosive substances and miscellaneous. 

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