Fireproofing testing

Table 1 Steel temperature judgment standard in fireproof test.

At this moment, the price of the used granular PCM exceeds 10 EURO/kg due to the test production stage. Our calculation showed the cost payback time can be less than 10 years when the PCM cost would be reduced to 4 EURO/kg under the electrical utility rate condition in Japan. Further cost reduction will be needed to promote the actual system. In addition we have to care of flammability of paraffin wax as PCM in use of inside the buildings. Fortunately, PCM is placed under the OA floor board made of fireproof cement-mortal and above the concrete slab in this system. It may not have any problems under the Fire Defense Law in Japan. However, further development of noninflammable PCM granules, for example micro encapsulation of mixture of inorganic and organic PCM, is required. 

The actuator and power supply for any depressuring valve with a double action or an energize to open actuator that may be exposed to fire should be fireproofed for a minimum of 15 minutes, per the UL 1 709 high rise fire test. Fireproofing of the actuator and power supply is not required with the fail-open design. 

Choosing the level of protection (based on appropriate standard test procedures) that should be provided by fireproofing material for specific equipment, based on the needs analysis. 

Figure 7-2. Time-Tennperature Curve for Fire Tests 7.3.2.4. Testing for Fireproofing Systems...

Note Unless specified for fireproofing use, materials sold as pipe insulation might not survive the high temperatures generated in tests such as UL1709 or ASTM E 1529. The user should ensure the fireproofing system components are fire-rated before they are specified. 

Periodic inspection and testing maximizes the useful life of the fireproofing system. The manufacturer or applier may be invited to participate in the inspection. An inspection and testing program should include the following steps ... 

When the fireproofing material is applied, coat and set aside several pieces of structural steel for periodic fire-testing over the expected life of the coating (this is not necessary with rigid box or flexible contaminant systems). 

Eye protection — safety glasses or goggles - is mandatory whenever any pyrotechnic composition is being prepared or tested. Necessary equipment includes a mortar and pestle, a laboratory balance, a soft bristle brush, several 2-3 inch lengths of fireworks-type safety fuse (available from many hobby stores), and a fireproof stone or composite slab on which to conduct burning tests. 

Place a small pile of the mixed composition on the fireproof board, insert a section of safety fuse into the base of the pile, and carefully light the end of the fuse with a match. Step back and observe the effect. Because of the generation of smoke by most pyrotechnic compositions, these tests are best conducted outdoors or in a well-ventilated area such as a laboratory fume hood. 3e certain no flammable materials are near the test area, for sparks may be produced. 

This method, as well as other methods of testing, are discussed in Refs 5 fic 6 Refs 1) H. Bennett, The Chemical Formulary , Van No strand, NY, Vois l to IX (1933 to 1951) (Fireproofing and Flameproofing) 2) Textile Research Institute, Fireproofing of Textiles , NY (1943)... 

A. Closed Pit (or Chamber) Test. In this test, an item, placed in a wooden or fiber box, is buried in sand (or fireproofed sawdust) and then detonated. The equipment and procedure used at Aberdeen Proving Ground is described in detail in Ref 2, pp 3-4... 

Before each test the tub is cleaned and filled to about 1/3 with washed dried sand or with sawdust (previously fireproofed by spraying it with a soln consisting of water 85> borax 7, boric acid 3 diammonium phosphate 5%, followed by drying). On top of sand (or sawdust) is placed a square box made of soft wood 1/2 " thick contg the unfuzed projectile (or other item) to test set on its base in the center of the box. The internal diinension of the box should be equal to 3 tin>es the diam of projectile. The fuze is then fitted to the proj and its electrical wires connected to the blasting circuit. Then the top of the box is fastened by means of two small nails... 

Filter paper 2.3, 3.1 Fireproof aprons All activities Hame test wire 9.1... 

Oxidative coupling was used for the synthesis of some stabilizers having properties of AO or FR. Products of oxidation of 4,4 -isopropylidenebis(2-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol with pota ium ferricyanide [151] or of 4,4 -thiobis(2-rcr/-butyl-5-methylphenol) with oxygen in the presence of copper salts [152] (118) were tested as AO. Thermostable fireproofing additives containing 1 to 4 bromine atoms on a phenolic moiety and designed for the stabilization of thermoplastics, e.g. 119, were prepared by oxidative coupling of brominated phenols [153]. 

L. Place three or four layers of fireproof wadding TEstes) between the front bulkhead and each motor and glue motors in place. 

A parachute sometimes carries residual fire which cannot be seen, and as it is carried by the wind so far it can be more dangerous. Parachutes of course can be so constructed that they are fireproof and so after careful testing are useable. Commercial shells cannot be inspected by users, and so parachutes are unavoidably disliked. There is also the problem that in a daylight display there is the danger of children running after the parachute in a street of busy traffic. 

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