Filter capabilities

Airborne particles, bacteria, fungi spores and allergens will be removed by air filtration, which is often cheaper and more effective than electrostatic precipitators and ionizers. A disposable, high-efficiency filter capable of removing at least 95 percent of particles with size down to 0.3 micron will be installed. A washable coarse filter that removes fifty percent of particles larger than 10 microns will be used as a pre-filter to extend the life of the high efficiency filter by at least a third. An inexpensive sensor will be included to indicate when filter replacement is necessary. 

An improvement to the conventional and cascade doublers shown above is the bridge rectifying doubler. Instead of half wave rectification, a bridge doubler provides full wave rectification. The advantages of full wave rectification include less input impedance and a ripple voltage at twice the input frequency, which improves ripple-filtering capability. The schematic for the bridge doubler is shown in Fig. 10.10. The IsSpice equivalent schematic is shown in Fig. 10.11. 

All stills and tanks holding liquid requiring microbial control shall have air vents with non-fiber-releasing sterilizable filters capable of preventing microbial contamination of the contents. Such filters shall be designed and installed so that they do not become wet. Filters shall be sterilized and installed aseptic-ally. Tanks for holding water require air vents with filters [7,10]. 

The modification of silica gel with diethanolamine (DEA) resulted in a stable alkaline filter, capable to collect H2S, COS, CS2, S02, C02 and H20 from contaminated air.56 The presence of odorous mercaptanes and organic sulphides may be selectively determined, as these compounds do not react with the DEA and therefore are not collected on the filter. By means of this scrubber an automatic survey system has been developed allowing the detection and determination of the nature of odour nuisance, caused by industrial emissions of volatile organic sulphur compounds, up to the ppb-level. The system consists of two continuous, highly sensitive and fast responding sulphur analyzers. One of the detectors is equipped with an SO, scrubber and measures the total amount of non-S02 sulphur compounds. The other detects the organic S-compounds, using the amine-silica filter. 

When sampling hot, wet stack gas, a filter capable of withstanding the gas temperature should be installed in the stack at the tip of the sample line to prevent solids from entering the gas sample line. After the sample is cooled, a coalescing filter is used to remove suspended liquids before the sample goes to the analyzer (Figure 3.7). 

At present, air filters capable of meeting current pollution abatement requirements are limited to charcoal or packed column scrubbers. These filters are bulky and expensive, and require continual maintenance to meet operational requirements. In addition, problems exist with the disposal of spent charcoal and byproducts from the packed column scrubbers. 

Touey, G.P., J.E. Kiefer, and J.R. Caldwell Tobacco smoke filter capable of selective removal of aldehydes U.S. Patent No. 2,968,306 (Jannary 17. 1961). 

Extensive filtration, both of the feed and the lean solution (in absorbers), is ofi n practiced to remove solid particles which may stabilize foam (22, 26, 318, 373). Attention should be paid to correct selection of the materials and micron rating of the filter elements. Several useful guidelines are discussed elsewhere (22,318, 319). Filters capable of removing extremely fine particles, such as diatomaceous earth filters, were found most effective (84). In one monoethanolamine absorption system (318), a foaming problem which was treated with only limited success by antifoam injection was cured by improving lean amine filtration. 

Hardware and software advances continue to provide more sensitive signal detection and filtering capabilities, allowing pulse oximeters to work better on more ambulatory patients. Already some pulse... 

Application of water-swelling polymers to fasten soil onto the surface of the ecologically dangerous objects and to decrease the filtering capability of the soil seems to be a promising approach to prevent war chemical spreading in the Baltic Sea. 

The reporting system also provides a web interface to the HMI Alarms, providing powerful reporting, searching and filtering capabilities from a standard web browser. Results can also be exported to standard formats for further processing or alternative presentation. 

If the loss-of-coolant accident is accepted, serious engineering attention to containment of a major explosion is necessary. In addition, problems of later reassembly of the core and the long-term removal of decay heat add cost and other complications. The approach adopted in this study is a double containment system of a low-leakage concrete vault enclosed in a steel sphere, because, at this time, this system is the most predictable and reliable. This is identical to the containment concept used for the SEFOR reactor. Perhaps eventually a low-pressure building with filtering capability may replace the low-leakage steel sphere. 

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