Fibroblast cells, mechanically

A. C. Chao, J. A. Dix, M. C. Sellers, and A. S. Verkman, Fluorescence measurement of chloride transport in monolayer cultured cells. Mechanisms of chloride transport in fibroblasts, Biophys. J. 56, 1071-1081 (1989). 

Andrographolide, thus, has different mechanisms of anti-inflammatory activity. It can inhibit the activation of NF-kB, suppress inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression, inhibit COX-2 expression in human fibroblast cells and also prevent oxygen radical production by human. The compound is also able to modulate T-cell activation both in vitro as well as in vivo, it is evident that it could prevent initial T-cell priming by interfering with DC maturation and antigen presentation capacity. Therefore, andrographolide may have utility as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis. " ... 

Suzuki T, Seko A, Kitajima K, Inoue Y, Inoue S (1994) Purification and enzymatic properties of peptide N-glycanase from C3H mouse-derived L-929 fibroblast cells Possible widespread occurrence of post-translational remodification of proteins by N-deglycosylation. J Biol Chem 269 17611-17618 Swaminathan S, Amerik AY, Hochstrasser M (1999) The Doa4 deubiquitinating enzyme is required for ubiquitin homeostasis in yeast. Mol Biol Cell 10 2583-2594 Tanaka K, Yoshimura T, Tamura T, Fujiwara T, Kumatori A, Ichihara A (1990) Possible mechanism of nuclear translocation of proteasomes. FEBS Lett 271 41-46... 

Larson, O., Latham, C., Zickert, P. and Zetterbetg, A. (1989). Cell cycle regulation of human diploid fibroblasts possible mechanisms of platelet derived growth factor. J. Cell. Physiol. 139, 477-483. 

Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKl and JNK2) were activated in response to cannabinoid receptor agonists in CHO cells expressing recombinant CBi receptors, and this was mediated through a pathway that included Gi/o, PI3K and Ras (Rueda et al. 2000). In the CHO cells (a fibroblast cell line), the transactivation of platelet-derived growth factor receptor was implicated in the JNK activation mechanism (Rueda et al. 2000). 

The mechanisms of the toxic actions of zinc remain obscure, though in-vitro (but not in-vivo) experiments have shown an inhibitory effect on respiration of the liver, kidney, and gills (Tort et al. 1984). Zinc exerts cytotoxic effects on fibroblastic cell lines of fishes which is stronger than those of copper or nickel but weaker than that of cadmium (Babich et al. 1986). Metallothio-nein induction occurs obviously also in fish (Roch and McCarter 1986). At high zinc concentrations (25 mg L ), necrosis of the hepatic cells and a veil-like film formation on the gills has been observed, affecting the respiration and blood circulation (Wong et al. 1977). 

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