Ferric Nitrate, Oxidizers

The immediate outcome of the Hantzsch synthesis is the dihydropyridine which requires a subsequent oxidation step to generate the pyridine core. Classically, this has been accomplished with nitric acid. Alternative reagents include oxygen, sodium nitrite, ferric nitrate/cupric nitrate, bromine/sodium acetate, chromium trioxide, sulfur, potassium permanganate, chloranil, DDQ, Pd/C and DBU. More recently, ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) has been found to be an efficient reagent to carry out this transformation. When 100 was treated with 2 equivalents of CAN in aqueous acetone, the reaction to 101 was complete in 10 minutes at room temperature and in excellent yield. 

Eisenozyd, n. iron oxide, specif, ferric oxide, iron(Ul) oxide. — salpetersaures —, ferric nitrate, iron(III) nitrate (and so for other salts). 

Eerrocene (1) was the first sandwich complex to be discovered, thereby opening a wide and competitive field of organometallic chemistry. The formation of ferrocene was found at almost the same time in two independent studies on July 11, 1951, Miller, Tebboth, and Tremaine reported that on the passage of N2 and cyclopenta-diene over a freshly prepared mixture of reduced Ee (90%), alumina (8%), potassium oxide (1%), and molybdenum oxide (1%) at 300°C, yellow crystals identified as Cp2Ee (Eig. 1) were obtained [1]. Due to the low yields obtained (3 g starting from 650 g ferric nitrate), doubts remain as to whether Ee(0) was the... 

Catalyst, alumina, 34, 79 35, 73 ammonium acetate, 31, 25, 27 copper chromite, 31, 32 36, 12 cuprous oxide-silver oxide, 36, 36, 37 ferric nitrate, hydrated, 31, 53 piperidine, 31, 35 piperidine acetate, 31, 57 Raney nickel, 36, 21 sulfuric acid, 34, 26 Catechol, 33, 74 Cetylmalonic acid, 34, 16 Cetylmalonic ester, 34,13 Chlorination, by sulfuryl chloride, 33, 45 ... 

Ferric citrate, molecular formula, 6 638t Ferric ethoxide, 14 533 Ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (ferric EDTA), 19 261 Ferric ferrocyanide, 8 186 22 810 pigment used in makeups, 7 836t Ferrichromes, 14 557 Ferric ion, acrylamide stabilizer, 1 289 Ferric nitrate bright pickle, 15 375 Ferric oxide... 

In order to balance mineral intake, the following minerals were used in place of the usual mineral mix (% of diet) potassium chloride, 0.32 magnesium oxide, 0.084 manganous carbonate, 0.0123 ferric nitrate, 0.021 zinc carbonate, 0.0056 cupric carbonate, 0.0011 potassium iodate, 0.0004 sodium selenite, 0.00003 chromium potassium sulfate, 0.00193. 

G.K (1999) Biogeochemical dynamics in zero-valent iron columns Implications for permeable reactive barriers. Environ. Sd. Tedm. 33 21709-2177 Gu, X.Y. Hsu, P.H. (1987) Hydrolytic formation of submicron iron(III) oxides from diluted ferric nitrate solutions. Soil Sd. Soc. Am. J. 51 469-474... 

Matijevic, E. Scheiner, P. (1978) Ferric hydrous oxides sols. III. Preparation of uniform particles by hydrolysis of Fe(III)-chIoride, -nitrate, and -perchlorate solutions. J. Colloid Interface Sd. 63 509—524 Matijevic, E. (1980) Colloid chemical aspects of corrosion of metals. Pure Applied Chem. 52 1129-1193... 

Hot dilute nitric acid reacts with iron, forming ferric nitrate, Fe(N03)3. Also, nitrogen oxides evolve in the reaction, probably from decomposition of... 

In fact, the polymer is quite stable with respect to precipitation. Once isolated it can be kept in aqueous solution indefinitely (37). This stability is presumably kinetic in origin. Since all evidence points to a different internal structure for the polymer from all crystalline ferric oxide or hydroxide phases, the reorganization required for precipitation would be expected to have a high activation energy. Addition of base to pol5maer solutions does produce an immediate precipitate, presumably by cross-linking the polymer particles. In hydrolyzed ferric nitrate solutions with less than 2.5 base equivalent per mole of iron the eventual precipitates observed are probably formed directly from low molecular weight components. The low rate of dissociation would then be another factor in polymer stability. 

Ferric Nitrate (Iron Nitrate), Fe(N0s)3.9H30 mw 404.02, It viol monocl delq crysts, mp 47°, dec at 100° v sol in w ale. Can be prepd by the action of coned nitric acid on scrap iron or on iron oxide, followed by crystn. It is a strong oxidizing agent and is considered to be dangerous as a fire hazard. Used in analytical chemistry... 

If reduced Fe powder was added to the preceding solution at an optimum pH of 6-7, magnetite (Fe304) was deposited onto Si (100) or k-AIiOb at ca. 140°C over several hours [24]. No other phase was found in the XRD spectrum. It was suggested that the Fe304 formed by reaction between Fe(OH)3 (presumably formed by hydrolysis of the ferric nitrate) and Fe(OH)2 formed by hydrothermal oxidation of the Fe powder. Particle sizes of 150 mn (on AI2O3) and 50 mn (on Si) were measured by SEM. 

Ferric Nitrate — Fire Hazards Flash Point (deg. F) Not flammable Flammable Limits in Air (%>) Not flammable Fire Extinguishing Agents Not pertinent Fire Extinguishing Agents Not To Be Used Not pertinent Special Hazards of Combustion Products Toxic oxides of nitrogen and nitric acid vapor may form in fires Behavior in Fire In contact with combustible materials, will increase the intensity of a fire Ignition Temperature (deg. F) Not pertinent Electrical Hazard Not pertinent ... 

E. Rammann noted that a little ammonium nitrate is formed during the reduction of a soln. of ferric nitrate by metallic iron whereby ferrosoferric oxide is precipitated, and ammonium nitrate appears in the soln. E. W. von Siemens and J. G. Halske patented a process in which a mixture of well-dried oxygen, nitrogen, and ammonia... 

SODIUM AZIDE PLANT, ANALYTICAL PROCEDUR ES. The sodium azide plant of the Kankakee Ordnance Works (KOW), Joliet, Illinois,operated by the US Rubber Co,used as starting materials anhydrous ammonia, sodium ferric nitrate (catalyst) and nitrous oxide... 

Saturating the electrolyte with iron(lll) hydroxide (e.g., by addition of aqueous solutions of ferric nitrate) and simultaneously adding cobaltous salts leads to in situ formation of a mixed Fe(llI)/Co(ll)/Co(IIl) deposit, which exhibits catalytic activity comparable to that of Fe304 shown by the current voltage curve in Fig. 11. Such mixed oxidic catalyst coatings are composed of very small oxide crystals, which evidently are dissolved upon current interruption due to dissociative oxide dissolution. The transfer of dissolved metal ions to the cathode followed by cathodic deposition of the metal, however, can be completely prohibited, if the potential of the cathode due to optimal electrocatalysis of cathodic hydrogen evolution proceeds with an over-... 

The dithioacetal (0.01 mol) was stirred for a few hours at room temperature with clayfen (4) (10.4 g, 11 mmol of ferric nitrate) or with claycop (12.1 g, 20 mmol of copper nitrate) in toluene, n-pentane or, preferably, dichloromethane (120ml). Evolution of nitrogen oxides occurred rapidly. Stirring was maintained until gas evolution ceased. The clay was then filtered off and washed twice with portions (50 ml) of the solvent. The resulting pale-yellow or slightly green solution was filtered through a small quantity of neutral aluminium oxide and the solvent was evaporated under vacuum. In the case of dithiane and dithiolane derivatives, this afforded the pure carbonyl compound in excellent yield. 

Several compounds of tungsten, which is a transition metal closely related to molybdenum, are able to catalyze the selective oxidation of secondary alcohols with hydrogen peroxide as secondary oxidant. These include tris(cetylpyridinium) 12-tungstophosphate,33 peroxotungstopho-sphate (PCWP)34 and Na2W04 in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst.35 Tungstophosphoric acid is able to catalyze the selective oxidation of secondary alcohols in the presence of ferric nitrate as secondary oxidant.36... 

Other transition metal compounds able to catalyze the selective oxidation of secondary alcohols include VO(acac)2 with t-BuOOH as secondary oxidant,40 a polystyrene-supported (catecholato)oxorhenium complex in the presence of DMSO 41 and a mixture of ferric nitrate and ferric bromate that catalyzes the oxidation of secondary alcohols with air.42... 

---