Fatty ethers

RAW MATERIAL Macol 40 CHEMICAL DESCRIPTION Polyoxyethylene fatty ether SOURCE PPG... 

The heterogeneous class of compounds marked by solubility in so-called lipid solvents (acetone, hydrocarbons, ether, etc.) and relative insolubility in water, has traditionally been called lipids (3). This historical classification, based upon isolation procedures from natural products, is obviously too broad for simple generalizations since it includes triglycerides, fatty acids, phospholipids, sterols, sterol esters, bile acids, waxes, hydrocarbons, fatty ethers and hydrocarbons. For the purposes of this chapter, we will consider lipids to be fatty acids and their derivatives. 

Guzman, A., and R. Garcia. 1990. Effects of fatty ethers and stearic acid on the gastrointestinal absorption of insulin. P R Health Sci J 9 155. 

The simplest class of lipids are FAs. This group includes various types of fatty acids, eicosanoids, fatty alcohols, fatty aldehydes, fatty esters, fatty amides, fatty nitriles, fatty ethers, and hydrocarbons. Many FAs, especially the eicosanoids derived from n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, have... 

Two previous studies (Moser et al., 2007, 2006) explored the effects of synthetic compounds with hydrocarbon tail-group structures resembling those of FAME with attached bulky moieties on the CP and PP of SME. These studies examined novel fatty ethers made from the reaction of various alcohols (C2—Cm) with epoxidized alkyl oleates in the presence of sulfuric acid catalyst. Bulky esters (isopropyl and isobutyl) were chosen to further enhance the low temperature fluidity of the synthetic adducts produced. As the chain length of the ether moiety attached to the fatty backbone increased in length, a corresponding improvement in low temperature performance was noticed. Although the materials had improved low temperature properties over that of neat SME, none of the synthesized compounds demonstrated effectiveness in decreasing CP or PP when added to SME. 

CIJ inks need to work on numerous substrates and there is a relationship between drop spread on a substrate and print quality. The amount of drop spread depends upon a number of issues in a CIJ ink, including surface tension, viscosity, solvent evaporation rate, interaction with substrate, amount and type of polymer in the ink etc. You may wish to improve the print quahty of a certain ink-substrate combination by optimally adjusting the drop spread. A common method to do this is by adding a surfactant to the ink formulation. Depending upon the chemistry of the surfactant, it will either increase or decrease drop spread, and hence is a good mechanism for tuning print quality. There are many hundreds of surfactants available, and you can use all chemical types, including anionic, cationic, non-anionic forms. Specific examples include polyoxyethylene fatty ethers and diethylhexyl sodium sulphosuccinate. 

R1 Fatty ether Fatty vinyl ether Fatty acyl (sn-1)... 

The a,jS-unsaturated fatty ether is an aldehydogenie group because its hydrolysis releases an a -unsaturated primary alcohol that readily tautomerizes to an aldehyde. Choline, ethanolamine, and serine plasmalogens are found in cardiac and skeletal muscle, brain, and liver. The biosynthesis of phosphatidylethanolamine is shown in Figure 19-5. 

Cromul. [Cro Chem. Ltd.] Etboxy-lated fatty ethers emulsifier, opacifier for cosmetics, pharmaceuticris. 

Steol CA-460 Surfactant Fatty ether sulfate. Sodium cation. (60% active) Stepan... 

Cremophor . [BASF BASF AG] Eth-oxylated fatty ethers and esters emulsifier, solubilizer, thickener, stabilizer, lubricant fen cosmetics, pharmaceuticals. 

Macol NP 9.5 NP-11 OP10SP TD-3 TD-12 a 2LF a 48 a 5100 Polyoxyethylene fatty ether PPGMaz... 

With heptanol as reactant, the use of PTSA (100°C, 12 h, 1 bar) led to fatty ethers with an oxirane value of 0.0 and a saponifieation value of 130. The main component was the methyl heptyloxyhydroxystearate formed out of the epoxidized oleic methyl... 

From Richards et al. (2002). Emulsions contained 5% lipid, 1 % emulsifier (Brij 700 = polyoxyethylene fatty ether) and 10 mM acetate-imidazole buffer at pH 3.0. Partitioning by centrifugation was followed by analysing the continuous phase for emulsifier by density measurements and for antioxidants by total phenolic concentrations. Oxidations of emulsions were carried out at 32°C. 

Systematic Derivation and Testing of AMBER Force Field Parameters for Fatty Ethers from Quantum Mechanical Calculations... 

Fig. 26.1 Structural chemical formula of a CxEy fatty ether (top) and the models studied (bottom) with their notations used in the text...

Collectors can be further divided into two categories. Cationic collectors, used for such minerals as iron ore, silicates and potash are based on - fatty amines, fatty diamines, fatty ether amines and diamines, - quaternary ammonium compounds, ester quats and diamines. 

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