Fatigue, from

Figure 10. The relationship between the initial glycogen content in vastus lateralis muscle and work time in six subjects who cycled to exhaustion at 75% VO2 max. Each subject cycled to exhaustion on three occasions. The first experiment was preceded by a mixed diet (a), the second by a carbohydrate-poor diet (o), and the third by a carbohydrate-rich diet ( ). The energy contents of the diets were identical. In all experiments depletion of the muscle glycogen store coincided with exhaustion and muscle fatigue. From Bergstrom et al. (1967) with permission from the publisher.

Include specific equipment identification, because omission can cause problems for readers in other process units or facilities who may have the same equipment and remain imaware of its hazards. Avoid downplaying human performance factors when drafting the report. There is a natural hesitancy to criticize or address normally encountered performance limitations or errors. Effects of fatigue from working excessive overtime are not always addressed in the written report. If these human performance factors are neglected, the error may be repeated. All facts of the incident must be considered relevant. 

Associated with sleep-loss-induced decreases in neurobehavioral functioning is an increased risk of and increased incidence of accidents. On-the-job and motor vehicle accidents have both been found to increase when individuals are sleep deprived. Although data are not consistently collected, it has been estimated that between 20% and 60% of single-vehicle motor accidents may be attributed to fatigue from sleep loss. While this includes sleep loss associated with working shiftwork and voluntary sleep loss, many of the individuals may experience sleep loss due to sleep and other medical disorders. Although the symptom of sleep disturbance with medical disorders is often recognized, the potential safety and public health impact may be overlooked. 

The use of automation results in improved precision because of reduced operator errors compared to that of manual methods. Operator fatigue from the repelilive motions of SPE is eliminated. Just-in-time analysis may be used and iiulomated SPE methods may be linked directly with liquid chromatography or gas chromatography for totally automated analysis. Furthermore, overnight operation is possible to make maximum use of time for sample production. 

Using recreational drugs to relieve tension and fatigue from overstimulation so they can relax... 

Some of these devices may become useful, the chief difficulty now seeming to be the slow recovery of the maximum resistance in the selenium cell. Experiments have shown4 that the selenium shows marked fatigue from which it recovers quite slowly, especially after exposure to intense illumination. A serviceable device to overcome this characteristic is to use a series of cells so arranged that while one is in use the others are recovering in the dark. 

Minimum stress and fatigue from thermal or vibrational environment by providing well-designed flexibility... 

For polymer-polymer sliding pairs,(ll) adhesion appears to be the dominant mechanism of polymer friction. Adhesion can also take place at the polymer-metal interface provided that surface roughness is below a certain value.(12) For a smooth surface, it is difficult to differentiate fatigue from adhesive wear.(5)... 

Ploughing (in Grinding), Fig. 5 Ploughing and reploughing leads to material removal due to low cycle fatigue from (Zum Gahr 1983) and (Roth 1995)... 

The design requirements include resistance to stretching from the mass of the dust cake, resistance to flex fatigue from the shake cleaning mechanism, a surface that will facilitate efficient dust release, and a construction that will affect maximum particle capture whilst at the same time providing minimum resistance to gas flow. 

Many cases of cracks in piping have occurred (especially in welds, although almost all have been discovered before the pipes have broken). The most common causes are inter-granular stress corrosion cracking, and thermal fatigue from the movement of variable temperature fluids. 

Fatigue from upwards of fifteen hours non-stop work can produce the inattentiorr, altered perception, inappropriate reaction to events, and delayed reaction times which alcohol does. The effects of so-called recreational drug use, and this includes alcohol, can carry over into the workplace. In the case of alcohol, there may be a zero blood alcohol level by the time the employee starts work, but an increased level of irritability. This can lead to industrial relations disputes, or accusatiorrs of workplace bullying. 

Sulfonated membranes take up liquid water, which enables them to conduct protons, but which also results in swelling of the membrane. Hence, stresses occurring during temperature and humidity cycling [169,170] can lead to mechanical failure of the membrane. Mechanical failure can also result from nonuniform contact pressure [171], high differential initial gas pressure over the membrane, and punctures as well as fatigue from stresses occurring. 

Table 14-2. Fatigue-related subjective symptoms and perceptual/behavioral changes that drivers report feeling frequently when experiencing fatigue (from Oron-Gilad and Shinar, 2000, with permission from Elsevier).

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