Fabrics of Woven Fibers

Filter-medium selection embraces many types of construction fabrics of woven fibers, felts, and nonwoven fibers, porous or sintered solids, polymer membranes, or particulate solids in the form of a permeable bed. Media of all types are available in a wide choice of materials. 

Fabrics of Woven Fibers For cake filtratiou these fabrics are the most common type of medium. A wide variety of materials are available some popular examples are listed in Table 18-10, with ratings for chemical and temperature resistance. In addition to the mate-ri of the fibers, a number of construction characteristics describe the filter cloth (1) weave, (2) style number, (3) weight, (4) count, (5) ply, and (6) yarn number. Of the many types of weaves available, only four are extensively used as filter media plain (square) weave, twill, chain weave, and satin. 

Corn high in amylopectin, a starch which is used in the paper industry and as a coating or sizing in the fabrication of woven fiber glass. 

Whitening in combination with the finishing process is used primarily for woven fabrics of ceUulosic fibers and their blends with synthetic fibers. 

A variety of organic monomers may be polymerized in a plasma and deposited onto substrates 41,42. This process was investigated for a variety of flurocarbon monomers and substrates including polymer films and fabrics of woven wool fibers. Spectra were obtained using a Varian IEE-15 spectrometer. Typical electron line widths encountered from these... 

Catalyst for resin finishing of woven and knitted fabrics of cellulosic fibers and blends. CASSURIT Catalyst AM is an acid donor for crosslinking resins giving a high rate of cure to low formaldehyde glyoxal based reactants. CASSURIT Catalyst AM was developed to provide excellent shade and whiteness retention. 

In addition to its use as fibers, wood is also used in particulate form (as woodflour) in polymer composites. When used as woodflour, it acts as a filler rather than a reinforcement. Wood and plant fibers are available as non-woven fiber mats and these are the most widely used preforms for composite reinforcement. Lignocellulosic fibers may also be spun into yarn which can be used to make preforms of woven fabrics and noncrimp fabrics. Woven fabrics are mostly used for textile applications while non-crimp fabrics of flax fibers have recently been introduced specifically for use as reinforcement... 

Warp Clock A visual guide to the orientation of the warp of woven fiber fabrics, used in the laying-up of composite materials to provide a quasi-iso-tropic character to the final product. 

Other reinforcements that may be used in the substrate layers of decorative laminates and throughout the stmcture of industrial laminates are woven fabrics of glass or canvas and nonwoven fabrics of various polymeric monofilaments such as polyester, nylon, or carbon fibers. Woven and nonwoven fabrics tend to be much stronger than paper and have much more uniform strength throughout the x—y plane. They greatly enhance properties of laminates such as impact and tear strength. 

The stmcture of traditional woven and knit fabrics permits the fibers to readily move within the fabric when in-plane shear forces are appHed,... 

Air Permeability. Air permeabiUty is an important parameter for certain fabric end uses, eg, parachute fabrics, boat sails, warm clothing, rainwear, and industrial air filters. Air permeabiUty of a fabric is related to its cover, or opacity. Both of these properties are related to the amount of space between yams (or fibers in the case of nonwovens). The most common method for specifying air permeabiUty of a fabric involves measuring the air flow per unit area at a constant pressure differential between the two surfaces of the fabric. This method, suitable for measuring permeabiUty of woven, knitted, and nonwoven fabrics, is described in ASTM D737. Units for air permeabiUty measured by this method are generally abbreviated as CFM, or cubic feet per square foot per minute. 

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