Extended-release morphine sulfate

Sasaki J, Wed A, Ross E, Nicholson B. Effectiveness of polymer-coated extended-release morphine sulfate capsules in older patients with persistent moderate to severe pain a subgroup analysis of a large, open-label, community-based trial. Curr JherRes 2007 68(3) 137-150. 

Avinza- Avinza capsules are a modified-release formulation of morphine sulfate indicated for once-daily administration for the relief of moderate to severe pain requiring continuous, around-the-clock opioid therapy for an extended period of time. Avinza capsules are to be swallowed whole or the... 

Avinza (Morphine sulfate extended-release capsules). King Pharmaceuticals Inc. US Prescribing information, October 2006. 

Drug fonnniations Naltrexone hydrochloride precipitated severe opioid withdrawal in a 39-year-old woman with a history of chronic pain who instead of methadone 160 mg/day was given Embeda, a new product combining morphine sulfate 30 mg extended release with naltrexone 1.2 mg, intended to reduce the abuse potential of morphine [215 ]. She chewed the tablet, instead of swallowing it, releasing the naltrexone. 

Stauffer J, Setnik B, Sokolowska M, Romach M, Johnson F, Sellers E. Subjective effects and safety of whole and tampered morphine sulfate and naltrexone hydrochloride (ALO-01) extended-release capsules versus morphine solution and placebo in experienced non-dependent opioid users a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study. Clin Drug Invest 2009 29(12) 777-90. 

Generic Names morphine sulfate controlled-release tablet morphine sulfate extended-release... 

Surgical acute pain the only indication for postoperative use of the controlled-release oral formulation of morphine sulfate is if the patient is already receiving the drug prior to surgery or if the postoperative pain is expected to be moderate to severe and persist for an extended period of time. 

Combined morphine/naltrexone capsules have shown comparable analgesia, adverse effects and bioequivalence to a similar morphine sulfate extended-release capsule product (Kadian ) with regard to rate and extent of plasma morphine absorption [8]. In the clinical efficacy trial in patients with pain due to osteoarthritis, change in the weekly BPI average pain score was statistically significantly superior for those treated with Embeda as compared to placebo. A review of the Subjective Opiate Withdrawal Scales (SOWS)... 

Viscusi E, Gambling D, Hughes T, Manvelian G. The serum pharmacokinetics of extended-release epidural morphine sulfate (DepoDur ) a pooled analysis of 6 clinical studies. Am Health-Syst Pharm 2009 66 1020-1030. 

In a randomized study, the abuse potential of ALO-01 extended-release capsules containing morphine sulfate and naltrexone was studied with regards to pharmacodynamic effects, including drug-liking and euphoria [25. Participants were randomized to either two 60-mg capsules, two 60-mg capsules crushed, morphine sulfate 120 mg, or placebo. There was reduced desirability associated with ALO-01, whether whole or crushed. 

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