Nitroglycerine explosive properties

Great care must be exercised in the thermal analysis of certain sulfoxide complexes. Complexes of the type [Md SOl XX], (X = C104, N03, etc.) are known to be highly explosive on heating to elevated temperatures indeed, sulfoxide complexes with explosive properties equal to TNT and nitroglycerine have been reported in the patent literature (148,149). 

Thus, nitroglycerin s explosive properties are caused by three factors the energy that is given off by its decomposition, the rate at which the reaction occurs, and the small amount of energy that is needed to initiate the reaction. In this unit, you will learn about the energy and rates of various chemical reactions. 

Many energetic componnds have been reported where the azido group is in conjunction with another explosophore . This has been a popular approach to new energetic materials. 2-Azidoethyl nitrate, an explosive resembling nitroglycerine (NG) in its properties, was synthesized some time ago from the reaction of 2-chloroethanol with sodium azide followed by G-nitration of the product, 2-azidoethanol, with nitric acid. °... 

Nitrohoney (Nitromiel). Nitration is best conducted in mixtures of honey and glycerin, using the acids and procedure described under Nitroglycerin. The explosive properties of this mixed explosive are similar to those of Nitrohydrin (qv). Nitrohoney was patented for use in the so-called Thunder Powder (qv)... 

Dinitroglycerin does not differ greatly from nitroglycerin in its explosive properties. It is appreciably soluble in water, and more expensive and more difficult to manufacture than nitrogly-... 

The explosive properties of nitrobenzene-tetranitromethane solutions were examined in detail by Roth [62] who measured rates of detonation power (on a 10.5 by 7 mm crusher gauge), and sensitiveness to impact, using nitroglycerine and TNT as standards (Table 129). Lead block expansions are not included here as they were not determined by standard methods. 

The limitations of black powder as a blasting explosive were apparent for difficult mining and tunneling operations. More efficient explosives were required. Liquid nitroglycerine [C3H503(N02)s], 1, that was discovered by the Italian Professor Sobrero, was later studied and manufactured by the Swedish inventor, Immanuel Nobel in 1863. The major problem that the Nobel family faced was the transportation of liquid nitroglycerine that causes loss of life and property. The destruction of the Nobel factory in 1864 was one of many accidents caused by the explosion of nitroglycerine. 

Properties Nitroglycerine high explosive known today. Howrever, there are many other similar liquid nitric esters which have the same explosive properties as NG. Many of these have somewhat inferior blasting power to that of NG (a few are superior) but are more stable towards mechanical shock than NG itself. PGDN is just one such compound, being at least ten times more stable towards mechanical shock than NG. Under the falling weight test, NG detonates at... 

Nitration of low molecular weight polyols, rather than polysaccharides, was initiated by Sobrero, who produced glyceryl trinitrate (nitroglycerin) in 1846 and mannitol hexanitrate in 1847, although the explosive properties of hexani-tromannitol were not examined until 1878, by Sokolov.During the various arms races between the Crimean War and the end of World War II, a host of polyol nitrates were investigated some of the compounds that have remained... 

Nitroglycerine, mentioned above, was discovered by Sobrero, in 1847, but its explosive properties were not utilised until its value was recognised by... 

Before Nobel began studying the explosive properties of nitroglycerin, people reportedly used the compound for everyday chores, such as polishing boots and greasing wagon wheels, and even as lamp... 

Explosives with nitroglycerine should be protected from Irce/ing and the thaw ing of frozen nitroglycerine can cause disasters ( ol. Ill, p. 518). Currently in most countnes a non-freezing mixture of nitroglycerine with nitroglycol is used. The change of explosive properties on storage w as discussed in Vol. Ill, pp.436 438. 

Since it was first synthesized in 1847 [2], nitroglycerin as a main component in liquid explosives, has been tremendously investigated and widely used in mining and other industrial blasting, as well as in military, such as propellant powers. Later, a series of liquid explosives of nitrate ester, such as dinitrate esters, with better explosive property and safety were developed [3-5]. In recent years, the United States has launched studies of high power and low characteristic signal propellants to continuously expand the application range of liquid nitrate esters [6]. 

Glycerine dinitrate, also called dinitro glycerine, is a viscous light yellow liquid with lower explosive property than nitroglycerine. Glycerine dinitrate has two... 

---