Crusher gauge

Methods of measuring underwater shock waves by crusher gauges, diaphragm gauges piezoelectric gauges are thoroughly described by Cole (Ref 3) in Chapter 7. Cook (Ref 7) describes the use of a 16- to 64-frame/sec camera to measure the free surface vel produced by a shock wave at the surface, and the determination of the underwater pressure-distance curve for TNT... 

By varying the gap in small increments, it is possible to progress thru no acceptor initiation, low order initiation, and high order initiation as a function of gap length NOLTR 1111 (Ref 14, pp 9-40 to 9-42 and Figs 9-21 9-22) describes a Stauchapparat (Crusher Gauge) which is a modification of Kast s Stauchapparat described on p C493 of Encycl, Vol 3 (Ref 41). The modified version (Fig 5, the apparatus with protective cylinder removed) consists of an anvil upon which rests 3 copper balls (of... 

The -first serious experimental investigation of phenomenon of erosion was done ca 1884 by Dr Paul Vieille of France (1854— 1934), the inventor of Poudre B, described in Vol 2 of Encycl, p Bll [See also Davis (Ref 26, p 294) and Perez Ara (Ref 31, P 430)3. Vieille also discovered (Ref 1, p 195 St Ref 26, p 387) that the gases from the explns of NGu (Nitroguaniditie) were much less erosive than chose from other expls of comparable force, and considered this fact to be in harmony with his general conclusion chat the hotter expls are the more erosive. In his experiments the explns were made to take place in a steel bomb, 17.8cc capacity, equipped with a crusher gauge and with removable perforated, steel plug thru the perforation in which the hot gases from the expln were allowed to escape. They swept away, or eroded off, a certain amt of the metal. 

There are two types of crusher gages exterior and interior. a)The exterior gage is attached on the outside of a closed vessel (or a barrel of a gun) by means of a mounting thread column. The attached illustration represents the US "External Crusher Gage , T14. Its usable range of measurement is 6 to 58 thousand psi with piston area 1/30 sq in. b)The interior gage is not attached, but simply placed inside a vessel or barrel. It cannot be used in small arms. The attached illustration represents the British Service Crusher Gauge (Ref 36, pp 163-64)... 

The explosive properties of nitrobenzene-tetranitromethane solutions were examined in detail by Roth [62] who measured rates of detonation power (on a 10.5 by 7 mm crusher gauge), and sensitiveness to impact, using nitroglycerine and TNT as standards (Table 129). Lead block expansions are not included here as they were not determined by standard methods. 

Concentration of nitrobenzene % Rate of detonation m/sec Crusher gauge figures mm Sensitiveness to impact kgm/cm2... 

British Service Crusher Gauge Internal Crusher Gage Mil (US)... 

Effectiveness of an Explosive-High and Low Explosives-Theoretical Efficiency—M.M. Roux and Sanau s Results-Abel and Noble s—Nobel s Ballistic Test-The Mortar—Pressure or Crusher Gauge—Calculation Volume of Gas Evolved, c.—Lead Cylinders—The Foot-Pounds Machine—Noble s Pressure Gauge—Lieut. Walke s Results—Calculation of Pressure Developed by Dynamite and Gun-Cotton—McNab s and Ristori s Results of Heat Developed by the Explosion of Various Explosives—Composition of some of the Explosives in Common Use for Blasting, c. 

---