Casting explosives

Cast explosive Cast explosive Cast explosive... 

Alloys with other useful properties can be obtained by using yttrium as an additive. The metal can be used as a deoxidizer for vanadium and other nonferrous metals. The metal has a low cross section for nuclear capture. 90Y, one of the isotopes of yttrium, exists in equilibrium with its parent 90Sr, a product of nuclear explosions. Yttrium has been considered for use as a nodulizer for producing nodular cast iron, in which the graphite forms compact nodules instead of the usual flakes. Such iron has increased ductility. 

Picric Acid and Ammonium Picrate. Picric acid (PA) (2,4,6,-trinitrophenol) was the first modem high explosive to be used extensively as a burster ia gun projectiles. It was first obtained by nitration of iadigo, and used primarily as a fast dye for silk and wool. It offered many advantages when compressed, it was used as a booster for other explosives, and when cast (melting poiat 122.5°C) served as a burster ia shell it was stable, iasensitive, nonhygroscopic, relatively nontoxic, and of high density when cast, and could be made economically by simple nitration. 

The seal must also resist the vibrations from the explosions of internal combustion in the engine, chassis and wheel vibrations, and even potholes in the road. This seal must resist strong chemicals (anti freeze, anti-rust agents, radiator stop-leak and sealant chemicals, gasoline and lubricant residuals), and also solid particles (rust, iron slag, minerals, asbestos fibers, and silica from the engine casting mold). In spite of all this, the mechanical seal on the water pump of your car can run 7, 10, even 15 years without problems. 

Minols are gray in color, have densities ranging between 1.62 and 1.74g/cc, and are cast loaded. They resemble Torpex in explosive properties, but are less brisant. They exhibit dimensional instability when exposed to thermal cycling during long term storage... 

Spriggs J. Krc, Industrial Engineering Study on the Determination of Additives to Eliminate Cracking of Cast Explosive Charges , ARF Rept 5 (Final), Project C 114 (Sept 1958), AD 203745 32) W.R. Tomlinson O.E. Sheffield, PATR 1740 (Rev 1) (1958), 337 33) T. Urbanski et... 

H,W. Voigt, Use of Thermoplastic Additives to Control Cracking and Exudation of Cast Explosives Containing TNT , PATR 3829 (1970)... 

N. Maropis, Ultrasonic Enhancement of Explosives Melt-Casting in Shaped-Charge Warheads , RR 70-32, Technidyne Incorporated, West Chester, Pa (1 70) 23) L. Friedel, G. 

P.A." Explosives. A variety of expl blends, patented by the firm of Bombrini-Parodi-Delfmo of Rome, consisting of PETN desensitized with pentaerythritol acetate. These expls can be cast below 100°, are less sensitive to shock than PETN, but more sensitive than TNT. Although they are less powerful and brisant than PETN, they are more so than TNT. Their stability is less than that of TNT. Their advantage in comparison with RDX formulations lies in the uniformity of the blend... 

Manufacture of PBX Type Explosives. Several mfg procedures are currently used to produce PBXs. One of these techniques is that of casting. (Fig 1 illustrates a process for PBXN-101). 

Molten TNT has little or no solvent action on Explosive D, and consequently, cast Picratol consists essentially of a physical mixt of crystals of the two expls. Its d is 1.61 to 1.63g/cc, and this permits a wt of charge almost equal to that of Explosive D pressed under 10,000 to 12,000 psi. Picratol has the solubility and reactivity chracteristics of its ingredients. It is hygroscopic to the extent of only 0.02% when exposed to an atm of 90% RH at 30°... 

Groh P. Bolesta, Cast High Explosives Fill Plant NAD McAlester. Equipment and Process Alternatives for A-Plant. NAD McAlester ,... 

There is also an as-yet small but growing class of formulations known as PBX Plastic Bonded Explosive. PBXs are similar to rubber-base, composite rocket proplnts in that they consist of 85% or so of powdered high-energy explosive incorporated into a plastic matrix (which can be a conventional plastic or a double-base) and cast into place. 

New Poly ester-Poly ether Binder for Extrusion-Cast Explosives , UCRL-50541, UAEC, Univ of Calif (1968) Ibid, NuclSciAbst 23 (9), 17314 (1969) CA 71,71343 (1969)... 

Brisance. Sand test, 58.5g vs 43.0 for TNT Detonation velocity. 7910m/sec for a cast, unconfined sample 1.0/ diam at d 1.60g/cc Explosion temperature. No cap used 375°... 

Pure PETN is too sensitive to friction and impact for direct application for military purposes. It can usefully be mixed with plasticised nitrocellulose, or with synthetic rubbers to obtain plastic or mouldable explosives. The commonest application, however, is in conjunction with TNT in the form of pentolites. Pentolites are usually obtained by incorporating PETN into molten TNT. A small amount of the PETN goes into solution, but the bulk remains suspended in the liquid and the whole mix can suitably be used in preparing cast charges. Pentolites containing 20-50% PETN are the commonest in practice. 

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