Expectorant anise

Expectorants are the drugs which increase the production of bronchial secretion and reduce its viscosity to facilitate its removal by coughing. Expectorants can stimulate the expulsion of respiratory secretion either directly or reflexly. Certain volatile oils of plant origin such as oil of lemon, anise, eucalyptus by steam inhalation route increase the respiratory secretion by its direct action. Another compound, guaiacol, which is obtained from wood creosote or synthetically prepared, directly increase bronchial secretion and syrup tolu (Tolu balsum) act in same way. 

The aromatic, warm, and sweetish odor and taste of the seed, leaves, and stem arises from the presence of a volatile oil that contains anethole p-propenyl phenylmethyl ether, C3H5C6H4OCH3), the derivatives of which (anisole and anisaldehyde) are used in food flavoring, particularly bakery, liqueur, and candy products, as well as ingredients for perfumes. For commercial production of anise oil, the seeds and the dried, ripe fruit of the plant are used. Anise oil. a colorless to pale-yellow, strongly refractive liquid of characteristic odor and taste, is prepared by steam distillation of the seed and fruit. The oil contains choline, which finds use in medicine as a carminative and expectorant. 

ANISE, Anisi fructus-inA aetheroleum Amsc is the schizocarp of Pimpinella anisum L., family Apiaceae, with its origin in Egypt and Greece and cultivated in Europe and South America. The drug contains 2% essential oil with the main ingredient anethole (80-90%). The oil is also used as an expectorant (section R05C). 

Both aniseed and star-anise are used as spices and for distillation of anise oil. Besides the main ingredient anethole, it contains a polymeric product, dianethole, with oestrogenic effects. Aniseed has been reputed to increase milk secretion, promote menstruation, facilitate childbirth and increase libido. Aniseed is reported to be expectorant, carminative and exert sympathomimetic-type effects. These effects are attributed to anethole. The expectorant effect of aniseed oil is experimentally verified by measuring the amount of secretion from an upper respiratory tract and measuring its viscosity. In therapeutic doses, anethole is reported to cause minimal hepatotoxicity. 

C10H20O2, Mr 172.27. A monocyclic monoterpene dialcohol with the p-menthane structure occurring in nature in both the trans- and the c/s-forms, "trans-T. , mp. 158-159°C, c -T. ,mp. 104-105°C.The a5-T. exists mostly as the hydrate ( c -terpin hydrate , mp. 118 -119 °C) which is used as an expectorant. The occurrence of T. is probably the result of secondary formation from y-terpineol menth-4(8)-en-l-ol]. T. occurs in Chinese star anise oil (Illicium venim, Illi-ciaceae). For synthesis, see Ut.. ... 

Synonyms Aniseed Anise fruit Anise seed Pimpinella anisum Definition Pimpineiia anisum Properties Sweet, soft, mild flavor Toxicoiogy Can cause contact dermatitis Storage Protect from light Uses Natural flavoring agent in foods and pharmaceuticals carminative, mild expectorant... 

Anise (Pimpinella anisum) L-Camphor expectorant, mild cough mixts. 

Both anise and Chinese star anise oils are used as carminatives, stimulants, mild spasmolytics, weak antibacterials, and expectorants in... 

Traditional Medicine. Anise and Chinese star anise have been used as aromatic carminatives, stimulants, and expectorants also as estrogenic agents to increase milk secretion, promote menstruation, facilitate child birth, increase libido, and alleviate symptoms of male climacteric. Chinese star anise has been used in Chinese medicine for similar purposes for 1300 years (jiangsu). Anise has also been used as an appetizer, diuretic, tranquillizer, antiseptic, laxative, and as a treatment for epilepsy and seizures. ... 

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