Evidence gathering

Administration of 5-HTib receptor agonists increases waking time and reduces REM sleep. This is consistent with recent evidence gathered from 5-HTiB-receptor knockout mice which exhibit more REM sleep and less SWS than the wild-type. Moreover, 5-HTib agonists reduce, while antagonists increase, REM sleep in the wild-type mouse, but neither type of compound has any effect in the knock-outs (Boutrel et al. 1999). Unfortunately, it is not known whether these actions are mediated by presynaptic, postsynaptic or heteroceptors and therefore whether 5-HT activity is increased or decreased. It is also not helped by the limited selectivity of test agents. 

The animal data upon which the F.D.A. based its recommendation and animal evidence gathered subsequently. 

Abstract. We discuss the evidence gathered from helioseismology about considerable mixing below the solar convection zone. The evidence is obtained directly through inversions and also through more subtle, somewhat indirect signatures if mixing. 

Photolysis of three 2,4-dinitroanilino-substituted carbohydrates, compounds that differ considerably from each other in photochemical reactivity, has been reported.150,151 l-Deoxy-l-(2,4-dinitroanilino)-D-glucitol (73) is photochemically unreactive in contrast, sodium 2-deoxy-2-(2,4-dinitroanilino)-D-gluconate (74) produces D-arabinose in 52% yield upon irradiation.150 The behavior of compounds 73 and 74 indicates that oxidative loss of the 2,4-dinitroanilino group during photolysis is only possible when it is accompanied by simultaneous decarboxylation. The evidence gathered from the considerable study of this reaction for noncarbohydrate systems suggested that this process is quite complex. Although useful, mechanistic proposals have... 

All the evidence gathered so far points to the conclusion that the RX radicals are intermediates in the reductive cleavage of aryl halides by outer sphere electron donors in polar solvents. This was an already established conclusion for the reduction of several aryl halides in the gas phase (Steelhammer and Wentworth, 1969 Wentworth et al., 1967), and for iodobenzene in apolar or weakly polar matrixes from y-irradiation studies with esr detection at low temperatures (Symons, 1981). It might, however, not have been true in the polar media used in direct and indirect electro-... 

FIGURE 8-2. Overlap of evidence gathering and cause determination phases. 

The process of evidence gathering, timeline development, scenario determination, and causal factor identification is somewhat iterative, and therefore some of the tools and quality tests previously described may assist in causal factor identification. More specifically, barrier analysis and change analysis, together with a completeness test, can ensure that all valid causal factors are identified. 

After the interviews and other evidence gathering activities are complete, a more detailed causal factor chart can he developed. Causal factors are indicated hy hlack triangles. 

Was evidence gathered and preserved properly, including a documented chain-of-custody ... 

Evidence gathering—the collection of data on which the investigation team will rely for subsequent analysis, testing, reconstruction, corroboration, and conclusions. 

In terms of the number of consultations made with local physicians, the respiratory health of children living in communities close to opencast sites was very similar to that of children living in communities distant from such sites (Pless-Mulloli et al. 2001 Howel et al. 2001). Nevertheless, in four-fifths of the cases studied, there was a small but statistically significant increase in consultations for respiratory, skin and eye conditions in those living close to opencast sites, albeit the absolute numbers of consultations were still small. Overall, the evidence gathered to date supports the contention that such increments in exposure to PM]0 as may arise in local communities on account of opencast coal extraction are highly unlikely to have any detectable effects on health (Pless-Mulloli et al. 2000a, b, 2001 Howel et al. 2001). 

In the late nineteenth century, a whole set of experiments progressively lead to the conclusion that classical physics, namely, Newtonian mechanics, thermodynamics, and nascent electromagnetism, were unable to explain empirical evidence gathered by experimentalists. Scientists of that time were unable to conciliate two apparent contradictory aspects exhibited by radiation and matter. Some experiments demonstrated that light behaved like a wave, while others showed a rather corpuscular nature. On the other hand, electrons, protons, and the other massive particles would manifest wave-like properties in certain experimental conditions. 

All the obtained evidence gathered thus far clearly shows the nonclassical nature of the 1-methylcyclobutyl cation. 

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