Ethyl Rhodamine

Rhodamine B (formula 4.29) is a xanthene basic dye [72]. Other reagents in this class are Rhodamine 3B (Ethyl Rhodamine B) (the ethyl ester of Rhodamine B) [73], Butyl Rhodamine B (the butyl ester) and Rhodamine 6G (formula 4.30). 

The ion-associate (the anionic Zr-Picramine-epsilon complex and the basic dye Ethyl Rhodamine B) is floated, and dissolved in acetone (e = 3.2-10 ) [80]. 

Finally, a double labelling with antibodies and a viability substrate can be performed. De Vos and Nelis (2003, 2006) combined ChemChrome V6 with tetram-ethyl rhodamin isothiocyanate (TRITC) labelled antibodies for the detection of Aspergillus fumigatus. In these approaches, the ChemChrome reagent, yielding green fluorescence, ensures the primary detection by the ChemScan, whereas the TRITC label results in red fluorescence, to be observed microscopically. 

Rhodamine B chloride [3,5-his-(diethylamino)-9-(2-carboxyphenyl)xanthylium chloride] [81-88-9] M 479.0, m 210-211"(dec), Cl 45170, A,max 543nm, Free base [509-34-2] Cl 749, pK 5.53. Major impurities are partially dealkylated compounds not removed by crystn. Purified by chromatography, using ethyl acetate/isopropanol/ammonia (conc)(9 7 4, Rp 0.75 on Kieselgel G). Also crystd from cone soln in MeOH by slow addition of dry diethyl ether or from EtOH containing a drop of cone HCl by slow addition of ten volumes of dry diethyl ether. The solid was washed with ether and air dried. The dried material has also been extracted with benzene to remove oil-soluble material prior to recrystn. Store in the dark. 

Rhodamine B, CI 749 [81-88-9] M 442.5. Major impurities are partially dealkylated compounds not removed by crystn. Purified by chromatography, using ethyl acetate/isopropanol/ammonia (0.888 sg)(9 7 4, Rp 0.75 on Kieselgel G). Crystd from cone soln in MeOH by slow addition of dry ethyl ether. Stored in the dark. 

Rhodamine B chloride [81-88-9] M 479.0. Crystd from EtOH containing a drop of cone HCl by slow addition of ten volumes of dry ethyl ether. The solid was washed with ether and air dried. The dried material has also been extracted with benzene to remove oil-soluble material prior to recrystn. 

It is usually necessary to match the refractive indices of two fluids (and the transparent wall of flow passage in some cases particularly for microchannel flow). For example, in an experimental study on the selfpreserving structure of steady round buoyant turbulent plums in cross flow (Diez et al., 2005), planar-LIF (PLIF) and PIV techniques are utilized to measure the mean concentration of source fluid and mean velocity fields simultaneously. Both PLIF and PIV measurements in this study necessitate matching the indices of refraction of the source (water solution of potassium phosphate, monobasic KH2PO4, containing Rhodamine 6G dye) and ambient fluids (ethyl alcohol/water) to avoid scattering the laser beam away from the buoyant flow. Visual inspection... 

Then in 1891, Monnet esterified Rhodamine B with ethyl chloride to produce Rhodamine A (C.I. Basic Violet 11) (2b). 

Aluminum oxide G was found to be superior to silica gel G or Florisil in separating power and convenience. Several solvents, consisting of hexane containing 0-4% ethyl ether, were tried. The combination with 1% ether was optimum. A spray solution of Rhodamine B in ethanol reveals the insecticides as purple spots on a pink background. 

Another way of carrying out electron-transfer mediated oxidation reactions is to use semiconductors as catalysts (Mozzanega et al., 1977). Titanium dioxide will, photocatalyse the oxidation of substituted toluenes to benz-aldehydes by electron transfer from toluene into the photogenerated hole. The electron in the conduction band will reduce oxygen giving the superoxide anion. Reaction of the superoxide anion with the hydrocarbon radical cation produces the aldehyde. A similar mechanism has been used to explain the observation that dealkylation of Rhodamine B (which contains N-ethyl groups) occurs when the dye is irradiated in the presence of cadmium sulphide (Watanabe et al., 1977). 

Youming, C., Shengqing, L. and Renyuan, Q. (1986). Polymorphism and electronic properties of 3-ethyl-5-[2-(3-ethyl-2-benzthiazolinylidene)-ethylidene]-rhodamine. Phys. Status Solidi. A Appl. Res., 98, 37 2. [204]... 

When a phthalein is prepared from phthalic anhydride and m-di-ethyl amino phenol the product known as rhodamine has the structure of a tri-phenyl methane derivative as follows ... 

The rhodamine on the market is the tetra-ethyl derivative of this mother-substance. 

Manganese has been determined in the form of ion-associates the anionic chloro-oxine complex of manganese with Rhodamine 6G, extractable into benzene (e = 7.0-10 ) [46], and the cationic complex of Mn(II) with phen, associated with the acid dye Erythrosin, and extractable into ethyl acetate (e = 1.5-10 ) [47]. 

Black sand Titanium tetra-isopropoxide (1.5 mL) is dissolved in isopropanol (40.0 mL). Pre-dried Si/Black sand particles (0.2 g) are dispersed in the solution and sonicated for 0.5 h. Then, it is stirred for 5. The mixture is heated at 80°C for 3 h and then calcined at 450°C for 3 h Removal of six dyes Direct red 80, Eosin B, Rose bengal. Orange II, Ethyl violet, Rhodamine B [512]... 

Preparation of micrometer-sized microspheres of poly(styrene-co-butyl methacrylate) by dispersion polymerization in the presence of dyes such as Nigrosin, Sudan red 7B, Sudan black B, rhodamine B base, ethyl eosin, phenolphthalein. Disperse orange 13, and Disperse blue [87]. 

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