Flammable liquids ethers

ETHYL BUTYRATE Ethyl Butanoate, Butyric Add,ethyl ester, Butyric Ether Flammable Liquid, III a 3 0... 

ETHYL ETHER Anesthesia Ether, Diethyl Ether, Diethyl Oxide, Ethoxyethane, Sulfuric Ether Flammable Liquid 2 4 1... 

Dry, distilled diethyl ether flammable liquid, toxic... 

Sodium (metal). Used as a fine wire or as chips, for more completely drying ethers, saturated hydrocarbons and aromatic hydrocarbons which have been partially dried (for example with calcium chloride or magnesium sulfate). Unsuitable for acids, alcohols, alkyl halides, aldehydes, ketones, amines and esters. Reacts violently if water is present and can cause a fire with highly flammable liquids. 

Ethers — (R-O-R) are low on the scale of chemical reactivity. Aliphatic ethers are generally volatile, flammable liquids with low boiling points and low flashpoints. Well known hazardous ethers include diethyl ether, dimethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran. Beyond their flammability, ethers present an additional hazard they react with atmospheric oxygen in the presence of light to form organic peroxides. 

The equivalent charge weight of TNT is calculated on the basis of the entire cloud content. FMRC recommends that a material-dependent yield factor be applied. Three types of material are distinguished Class I (relatively nonreactive materials such as propane, butane, and ordinary flammable liquids) Class II (moderately reactive materials such as ethylene, diethyl ether, and acrolein) and Class III (highly reactive materials such as acetylene). These classes were developed based on the work of Lewis (1980). Energy-based TNT equivalencies assigned to these classes are as follows ... 

By far the most important sulfide is CS2, a colourless, volatile, flammable liquid (mp — 111.6°, bp 46.25°, flash point —30°, autoignition temperature 100°, explosion limits in air 1.25 50%). Impure samples have a fetid almost nauseating stench due to organic impurities but the purified liquid has a rather pleasant ethereal smell it is very poisonous and can have disastrous effects on the nervous system and brain. CSt was formerly manufactured by direct reaction of S vapour and coke in He or steel retorts at 750 1000°C but, since the early 1950s, the preferred synthesis has been the catalysed reaction between sulfur and natural gas ... 

Diethyl ether is a very low-boiling, highly flammable liquid => open flames or sparks from light switches can cause explosive combustion of mixture of diethyl ether and air. 

Hydrogen cyanide (Table 15.1) is a colorless, flammable liquid or gas that boils at 25.7°C and freezes at minus 13.2°C. The gas rarely occurs in nature, is lighter than air, and diffuses rapidly. It is usually prepared commercially from ammonia and methane at elevated temperatures with a platinum catalyst. It is miscible with water and alcohol, but is only slightly soluble in ether. In water, HCN is a weak acid with the ratio of HCN to CN about 100 at pH 7.2, 10 at pH 8.2, and 1 at pH 9.2. HCN can dissociate into H+ and CN. Cyanide ion, or free cyanide ion, refers to the anion CN derived from hydrocyanic acid in solution, in equilibrium with simple or complexed cyanide molecules. Cyanide ions resemble halide ions in several ways and are sometimes referred to as pseudohalide ions. For example, silver cyanide is almost insoluble in water, as are silver halides. Cyanide ions also form stable complexes with many metals. 

Propylene oxide is a low boiling point, flammable liquid, readily soluble in both water and the more common organic solvents, such as alcohol, ether, and aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons. Commercial sales involve only technical grade (about 98%), and bulk movements require a hazardous material shipping label. Standard transport equipment (trucks, tank cars, and barges) can be used. 

Properties ond handling. Acetone is a mobile, colorless, volatile, highly flammable liquid. It has an odor that makes you think you re in a hospital. Acetone dissolves in water, alcohol, ether, and most other organic solvents. Thats why its usually included in paintbrush cleaner. It dissolves almost anything and then can be washed away with water. 

Clear, colorless, volatile, flammable liquid with a penetrating, sweet, ether-like odor. Experimentally determined detection and recognition odor threshold concentrations were 70 pg/m (17 ppbv) and 220 pg/m (53 ppbv), respectively (Heilman and Small, 1974). 

Clear, colorless, mobile, flammable liquid with an ether-like odor... 

Colorless to light yellow, flammable liquid with an ether-like odor. Odor threshold concentration is 50 ppm (quoted, Amoore and Hautala, 1983). 

Hardingham proposed in 1884 in France, for mining use, cartridges containing dynamite combined either with liquified NH3 or C02 or with flammable liquids such as alcohol, benzene or ether... 

ETHYL ACETATE Acetic Add, ethyl ester, Acetic Ester, Acetic Ether, Vinegar Naphtha, Flammable Liquid, II 1 3 0... 

ETHYL NITRITE Nitrous Ether, Sweet Spirit of Nitre, Spirit of Ether Nitrite Flammable Liquid, I 2 4 4... 

ISOPROPYL ETHER Diisopropyl ether, Diisopropyl Oxide, 2-Isoproxypropane Flammable Liquid, II 2 3 1... 

METHYL FORMAL Methylal, Methylene dimethyl ether, Dimethoxy-inethane, Dimethyl formal Flammable Liquid, 11 2 3 2... 

Grade E Mg powd and BkPdr dust when exposed in layers. Dust of solid proplnts can also be ignited from the spark that can accumulate on a person, and conductive floors Sc shoes must be used when the dust is present. In addn, dust-air mixts of Amm Picrate, Tetryl, Tetrytol dust of solid proplnts are sensitive to static elec discharges. Many flammable liquids Sc air mixts ( ether, ethyl alcohol, ethyl acetate, acetone gasoline) can also be ignited by static discharge from a person (Refs 1 3)... 

Diethyl ether [60-29-7] is one of the more important members of the ether family. It is a colorless, very volatile, highly flammable liquid with a sweet, pungent odor and burning taste. As a commercial product it is available in several grades it is used in chemical manufacture, as a solvent, extractant, or reaction medium, and as a general anesthetic. 

Benzene (C6H6, boiling point 80°C, density 0.8789, flash point -11°C, ignition temperature 538°C), is a volatile, colorless, and flammable liquid aromatic hydrocarbon possessing a distinct, characteristic odor. Benzene is practically insoluble in water (0.07 part in 100 parts at 22°C) and fully miscible with alcohol, ether, and numerous organic liquids. 

Toluene (C6H5CH3, boiling point 110.8°C, density 0.8548, flash point 4.4°C, ignition temperature 552°C) is a colorless, flammable liquid with a benzenelike odor that is essentially insoluble in water but is fully miscible with alcohol, ether, chloroform, and many other organic liquids. Toluene dissolves iodine, sulfur, oils, fats, resins, and phosgene. When ignited, toluene burns with a smoky flame. Unlike benzene, toluene cannot be easily purified by crystallization. 

A dear, colorless, flammable liquid, mobile, miscible with water, with acetone, with chloroform, with ether, and with glycerol. 

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