Essential Works Order

In reply to criticisms of the quality of labour at Spring Quany, Brian Golquhoun stated that the problem lay with the Essential Works Order in force there, which made it virtually impossible to dismiss... 

While this detailed schedule or timeline is essential, it does not replace or eliminate the need for complete planning of each task or a comprehensive work order package. 

The use of an a-isocyanoacetamide instead of an a-isocyanoacetate is essential in order to obtain oxazoles when the latter compounds are employed, other condensations (Knoevenagel, Mannich), affording imidazolines or amidines, will take place [88]. This reaction has been explored for the preparation of a series of 2-imidazolines employing isocyanoacetates [91]. The reaction worked smoothly to give compounds 105a,b (Scheme 1.36) with the trans isomer prevailing, provided that a racemic isocyanide with an acidic a-proton and a sterically undemanding amine are used. 

Consequently, in the early work with hydridosilicon derivatives, diethyl ether was normally used in the case of very volatile products, dimethyl ether offered some practical advantages. It was tacitly assumed that a polar solvent was essential in order to dissolve, at least partly, the transition-metal carbonyl derivative. More recently, however, it has become clear that alkanes, although nonpolar, provide a very suitable reaction medium, and can be used in cases where ethers, for example, are inimical to the products (8, 32, 306, 310). The hydrocarbon, besides acting as a diluent for the silicon halide, seems to assist the separation of alkali halide from the surface of the reacting transition-metal carbonyl salt. 

This appears to have been the case with Curie, as I have argued elsewhere. [6] For Curie, knowing an element meant being able to produce it in fair amounts the concentration of elements was an important goal in itself, but it was also essential in order to the in-depth analysis of radioactive substances. She applied this policy to radium, polonium and to elements in the actinium series, though short lifetimes often prevented Curie and her coworkers to reach their goal no matter the industrial resources at their disposal. While this was a characteristic feature of Curie s work on radioactivity, this does not mean she was alone. To give another example In 1907 Otto Hahn had barely discovered mesothorium (MsTh, a mixture of MsThl, an... 

The submitters omitted the extraction of the first residue (which consists of triethylamine hydrochloride, excess ammonium chloride (NH4CI) and amide 4) with THF, but the checkers found this essential in order to obtain the higher yield (88%) reported. To recover all amide 4, it is necessary to repeat the procedure, because the product requires extended periods to dissolve completely. As an alternative work up procedure, the checkers removed the CHCI3 under reduced pressure and stirred the reaction mixture in THF (250 mL containing ca. 5 g of NH4CI) for 1 hr. After filtration of the suspension, recovery of 4 was poor (3.6 g from two recrystallizations). 

In all the work on the third limit it has been found that salt coating of the reaction vessel is essential in order to obtain reproducible results. Normally a thick coating of potassium chloride has been used for this purpose, but by altering the thickness of the coating Heiple and Lewis [35] were able to alter the surface efficiencies for chain breaking and... 

The procedure presented the skeleton for the development of a general, predictive fluid-structure-fracture procedure that will be applied to predict failures of fluid-filled containers under drop Impact. The missing constituent required by the model is the traction-separation data for the materials considered. In order to calibrate the CZM parameters, combined experimental/numerical work employing the essential work of fracture and FV simulations has been conducted. 

In conclusion, this work confirms that with the current PDB, modeling antibody CDRs is better achieved by using a database of CDRs from antibody molecules rather than other molecules. Nevertheless, calculation of the conformational free energy is essential in order to select the best CDR conformation for a current model. Although we have currently applied the present method to antibody loops, it appears to be a promising approach for screening an ensemble of loop conformations for any protein structure framework. ... 

The research on aggregation of surfactants in nonaqueous, polar solvent systems can be motivated, mainly, with two different arguments. First, are the basic considerations of amphiphile aggregation involving a description of the hydrophobic interaction leading to, for example, micelle and liquid crystal formation. What can be learned from comparing water with other polar solvents Much work has been performed to elucidate those properties of the solvent that are essential in order to obtain a hydrophobic (or solvophobic ) interaction. Comparisons of critical micelle concentrations in different solvents with parameters characterizing the solvent are numerous in the literature [1,2],... 

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