Escherichia coli multiplication

Sonntag, I., Schwartz, H., Hirota, Y. and Henning, U., 1978, Cell envelope and shape of Escherichia coli multiple mutants missing the outer membrane lipoprotein and other major outer membrane proteins. J. Bacteriol. 136 280-285. 

Hirschfield, I.N., Bloch, P.L., Van Bogelen, R.A. Neidhardt, F.C. (1981). Multiple forms of lysyl-transfer ribonucleic acid synthetase in Escherichia coli. Journal of Bacteriology, 146, 345-51. 

Bacteriophage T7 Bacteriophage T7 and its close relative T3 are relatively small DNA viruses that infect Escherichia coli. (Some strains of Shigella and Pasteurella are also hosts for phage T7.) The virus particle has an icosahedral head and a very small tail. The virus particle is fairly complex, with S different proteins in the head and 3-6 different proteins in the tail. One tail protein, the tail fiber protein, is the means by which the virus particle attaches to the bacterial cell surface. Only female cells of Escherichia coli can be infected with T7 male cells can be infected but the multiplication process is terminated during the latent period. 

The preceding protocol can be successfully applied, essentially without modifications, to prepare active cell-free extracts from bacteria other than Escherichia coli (e.g., Bacillus stearothermophilus and clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bearing multiple antibiotic resistance). 

SwAMY, K. H. S., Chin, H. C., and Goldberg, A. L. Isolation and Characterization of Protease Do From Escherichia-Coli, a Large Serine Protease Containing Multiple Subunits. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 1983, 224, 543-554. 

Brandi, M. T. (2008). Plant lesions promote the rapid multiplication of Escherichia coli 0157 H7 on postharvest lettuce. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 74, 5285-5289. 

Figure 9.2. The inherent metabolic flexibility of the isoprenoid pathway leading to the synthesis of some carotenoid pigments. Genes coding for two enzymes capable of acting on carotenoid structures were introduced into Escherichia coli which had already been transformed to give it the capacity to make p,p-carotene. Both of the two introduced new enzymes (one shown with red arrows and the other with blue arrows) acted on multiple substrates because of their lack of specificity. The resulting matrix of transformations means that nine different products can be made by just two tailoring enzymes. (Adapted from Umeno et al. ° who used data from Misawa et al. °)...

Tzeng, C.M. Kornberg, A. The multiple activities of polyphosphate kinase of Escherichia coli and their subunit structure determined by radiation target analysis. J. Biol. Chem., 275, 3977-3983 (2000)... 

The PDH complex contains three enzymes—pyruvate dehydrogenase (EJ, dihydrolipoyl transacetylase (E2), and dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase (E3)—each present in multiple copies. The number of copies of each enzyme and therefore the size of the complex varies among species. The PDH complex isolated from mammals is about 50 nm in diameter—more than five times the size of an entire ribosome and big enough to be visualized with the electron microscope (Fig. 16-5a). In the bovine enzyme, 60 identical copies of E2 form a pentagonal dodecahedron (the core) with a diameter of about 25 nm (Fig. 16-5b). (The core of the Escherichia coli enzyme contains 24 copies of E2.) E2 is the point of... 

Komura, I., and K. Izaki. 1971. Mechanism of mercuric chloride resistance in microorganisms. I. Vaporization of a mercury compound from mercuric chloride by multiple drug resistance strains of Escherichia coli. J. Biochem. (Tokyo) 70 885-893. 

Macaloney, G. Hall, J.W. Rollins, M.J. Draper, I. Anderson, K.B. Preston, J. Thompson, B.G. McNeil, B., The utility and performance of near-infrared spectroscopy in simultaneous monitoring of multiple components in a high cell density recombinant Escherichia coli production process Bioprocess Eng. 1997, 17, 157-167. 

Biosynthetic research relating to the isoquinoline family was extremely successful, with such important members as morphine [3, 14], codeine [3, 15] or berberine [3, 14,16-18]. Extensive efforts have provided details pertaining to multiple sets of enzymes participating in the biosynthesis of the alkaloids above, in many cases with the help of plant cell suspension culture techniques. Since 1988, when the breakthrough in cloning of cDNA from alkaloid biosynthesis occurred [19, 20], a significant number of enzymes known from the indoles and isoquinolines biosynthesis have been isolated, their biochemical properties described and the majority of their corresponding cDNAs cloned and functionally over-expressed in non-plant hosts such as Escherichia coli, yeast or insect cells. 

H Suginaka, PM Blumberg, JL Strominger. Multiple penicillin-binding components in Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli. J Biol Chem 247 5279-5288, 1972. 

Amsler, C. D., Cho, M., and Matsumura, P., Multiple factors underlying the maximum motility of Escherichia coli as cultures enter post-exponential growth, J. Bacteriol., 175, 6238, 1993. 

On the other hand, multiple laminar flow was used to pattern cells and their environments in PDMS chips [858]. For instance, two cell types (chicken erythrocyte and Escherichia coli) have been shown to deposit next to each other on fibronectin-treated surfaces (see Figure 8.17). Moreover, cell detachment occurred only to the cells (BCE) that was passed with a patterned stream containing trypsin/EDTA [858]. 

Montero-Moran GM, Lara-Gonzalez S, Alvarez-Anorve LI et al (2001) On the multiple functional roles of the active site histidine in catalysis and allosteric regulation of Escherichia coli glucosamine 6-phosphate deaminase. Biochemistry 40 10187-10196... 

Pupo, G.M., Lan, R., Reeves, P.R. Multiple independent origins of Shigella clones of Escherichia coli and convergent evolution of many of their characteristics. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97 (2000) 10567-10572. 

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