Escape/relax

The 14 resulting motivation factors, in the order of importance, were labelled as (1) novelty, (2) escape/relax, (3) relationship (strengthen), (4) autonomy, (5) nature, (6) self-development (host-site involvement), (7) stimulation, (8) self-development (personal development), (9) relationship (security), (10) self-actualisation, (11) isolation, (12) nostalgia, (13) romance and (14) recognition. The results indicated that novelty, escape/relax, and relationship motivations are the most important factors in forming travel motivation. The least important factors were recognition, romance and nostalgia. 

The four common and main travel motivations (escape/relax, novelty/... 

For both phases of the present study, the outcomes point to several common and notable findings. Firstly, the results from both phases of this first study indicated that the motivational dimensions of escape/relax, novelty, relationship, and self-development within the new travel career pattern approach are the most important travel motivation factors. A number of studies have endorsed and reinforced these kind of results. For example, the novelty-seeking motive has received considerable attention in tourism research since it was introduced into the tourism literature by Cohen (1972). It is one of the main forces behind all travel behaviour and has been explored in a number of empirical studies (Bello Etzel, 1985 Cohen, 1972 Crompton, 1979 Dann, 1977,1981). While novelty-seeking is a need to pursue stimulation, escape-seeking has been understood as a need to get away from over-stimulation (Iso-Ahola, 1982). Mannell and Iso-Ahola (1987) theorised that escape from routine responsibilities and stress... 

The three most important motivational factors identified in the quantitative results were novelty, escape/relax, and relationship. These factors showed no significant difference in their importance between the two levels of travel experience. Similarly, the interview results also suggested that these three factors, along with self-development, are the main psychological forces driving travel. A preliminary statement on the structure of travel motivation is possible here. There is a strong likelihood that people may have certain dominant and constant travel motivations that act as a common backbone to travel regardless of their travel experience level. In particular,... 

From Table 3.10, it can be understood that emphasis on nature and selfdevelopment (host-site involvement) increases as the individual s travel career stage changes while the other 6 travel motivations decrease. The factor scores of the 7 other travel motivation factors (stimulation, escape/ relax, self-actualisation, isolation, kinship, social status, novelty, and nostalgia) for the two travel career groups resulted in a concentration near zero, indicating less difference between the groups. This suggests that these motivations are common to both travel career levels. In particular, the fact... 

The similarity between these outcomes and those from the first study, which was conducted in a Western cultural context, suggests a potential cross-cultural applicability of TCP theory. The common and notable findings of both studies are that the identified 14 motivation factors were very similar in terms of number of factors, appropriate labels, and the associated items in each factor. Furthermore, for both high and low travel career levels, novelty, escape/relax, and kinship were the most important travel motivations, while social status and isolation were the least important ones. 

As far as pleasure travel is concerned, all travellers, regardless of their travel career levels, are influenced by the most important and central travel motives (such as novelty, escape/relax, and relationship) as well as by less important motives (such as isolation, nostalgia, and social status). As their travel career level develops, in other words, as they grow older, pass through stages in their life-cycle and gain more travel experience, their moderately important travel motives will shift from internally-oriented needs (such as self-development) to externally-oriented needs (such as experiencing nature and host-site involvement). 

Escape/relax Chance to escape a busy life 36.1 41.6 43.5... 

The tube is a construct which we might continue to sketch around an emerging chain as it diffuses out of the original sleeve. Instead, it is convenient to start with the tube initially in place and consider how long it takes for the molecule to escape. The initial entanglements which determine the contours of the tube comprise a set of constraints from which the molecule is relaxing, even if only to diffuse into another similar set. Accordingly, we identify this reptation time as a relaxation time r for the molecule. 

There is an additional problem that must be considered for radicals that escape an original geminate radical pair. Such radicals are polarized. If they form new (encounter) radical pairs, they could yield combination products after undergoing T-S mixing again. However, because of the rapidity of nuclear relaxation in free radicals, the F-type polarization generally predominates. 

Radicals escaping from a radical pair become uncorrelated as approaches zero. In the free (doublet) state they are detectable by e.s.r. spectroscopy. However, just as polarization of nuclear spins can occur in the radical pair, so polarization of electron spins can be produced. Provided that electron spin-lattice relaxation and free radical scavenging processes do not make the lifetime of the polarized radicals too short. 

Let us calculate the relaxation time of particles in this potential (escape time over a barrier) which agrees with inverse of the lowest nonvanishing eigenvalue Yj. Using the method of eigenfunction analysis as presented in detail in Refs. 2, 15, 17, and 18 we search for the solution of the Fokker-Planck equation in the... 

We have tacitly assumed that the photoemission event occurs sufficiently slowly to ensure that the escaping electron feels the relaxation of the core-ionized atom. This is what we call the adiabatic limit. All relaxation effects on the energetic ground state of the core-ionized atom are accounted for in the kinetic energy of the photoelectron (but not the decay via Auger or fluorescence processes to a ground state ion, which occurs on a slower time scale). At the other extreme, the sudden limit , the photoelectron is emitted immediately after the absorption of the photon before the core-ionized atom relaxes. This is often accompanied by shake-up, shake-off and plasmon loss processes, which give additional peaks in the spectrum. 

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