Erythrocyte porphyrins

Roels HA, Lauwerys RR, Buchet J-P, et al. 1975. Response of free erythrocyte porphyrin and urinary-delta-aminolevulinic acid in men and women moderately exposed to lead. Int Arch Arbeitsmed 34 97-108. 

Anemia, elevation in erythrocyte porphyrin, kidney pathology residues (mg/kg fresh weight) of 603 in kidney, 501 in bone, 8 in liver, 2 in brain, 4.4 in blood, 0.8 in sciatic nerve, and 0.1 in crop... 

Each laboratory should establish its own reference values. That given here can only be interpreted as a guide. Free erythrocyte porphyrins reference <4.5 pmol/1 red blood cells. 

C. Van Peteghem, A. Heyndrickx, and R. Verbeeke (1979), Diagnostic value of free erythrocyte porphyrin and blood lead as a screening test fot lead exposure, J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 31, 351. 

Porphyria Urine PBG/ALA Urine Porphyrins Fecai Porphyrins Erythrocyte Porphyrins Plasma Fluorescence Emission Peak... 

Reference intervals are given in Table 32-3. Total erythrocyte porphyrin concentrations are increased in EPP, CEP, the rare homozygous variants of the autosomal dominant porphyrias, iron deficiency, hemolytic anemia, some other forms of anemia, and lead poisoning. A normal total porphyrin concentration excludes the diagnosis of EPP. Distinction between EPP and other causes of increased erythrocyte total porphyrin concentration requires differentiation between protoporphyrin and its zinc chelate because the acidic condition of this assay dissociates the zinc chelate and provides only a measure of total porphyrin. 

Piomelli S. Free erythrocyte porphyrin in the detection of undue absorption of lead and of iron deficiency. Clin Chem 1977 23 264-9. 

Piomelli, S., B. Davidow, V. Guinee, P. Young, and G. Gay. 1973. The FEP [free erythrocyte porphyrin] test A screening micromethod for lead poisoning. Pediatrics 51(2) 254-259. 

Several studies have been devoted to the determination of indicators of the exposure to lead and its effects in the Mexican population. Of them, the more important have been those of Molina et al. (1976 1978 1981). The first of them was devoted to the determination of ALA in urine in several groups of workers. Later, the authors included other parameters such as protoporphyrin IX and free erythrocyte porphyrin in their studies. 

A useful indicator of excessive lead effect is the presence of free erythrocytic porphyrin (FEP). It can be measured from a small quantity of blood obtained by finger-prick. For confirmatory evidence of excessive lead absorption or poisoning, urine estimation of coproporphyrin and amino laevulinic acid are helpful. Inorganic lead is best monitored by blood sampling and organic lead by urine sampling. 

Piomelli S, Davidow B (1972) Free erythrocyte protoporphyrin concentration a promising screening test for led poisoning. Pediatr Res 6 366 Piomelli S, Young P, Gay G (1972) A micromethod forree erythrocyte porphyrins the FEP test. J Lab Clin Med 81 932-940... 

Disease Erythrocytic porphyrins Urinary porphyrins Fecal porphyrin Remarks... 

Chisolm, J.J. and Brown, P. (1975) Micro-scale photofluorometric determination of free erythrocyte porphyrin (protoporphyrin IX). Clin. Chem., 21, 1669-1682 Dietrich, K.N., Krafft, K.M., Shukla, R., Bomschein, R.L. and Succop, P.A. (1986) The neurobehavioral effects of prenatal and early postnatal lead exposure. In Schroeder, S.R. (ed.). Toxic Substances and Mental Retardation Neurobehavioral Toxicology and Teratology (Washington, DC AAMD Monograph Series)... 

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