ErbB oncogene

Frykberg, L., S. Palmieri, H. Beug, T. Graf, M.J. Hayman, and B. Vennstrom, Transforming capacities of avian erythroblastosis virus mutants deleted in the erbA or erbB oncogenes. Cell, 1983. 32(1) 227-38. 

The v-erbB oncogene acts to expand a pool of highly mitotic, undifferentiated erythroid precursor cells, but these are poorly tumorigenic, because they differentiate at high rates into postmitotic, end-stage red cells. Another potential oncogene, v-erbA, blocks differentiation of erythroid precursors but creates no tumors because it is unable to provide the mitogenic impetus needed to expand the pool of stem... 

The avian v-erbB oncogene and oncogene both have sequences homologous to that of the gene for the receptor for fhe 53-residue epidermal growth factor The corresponding cellular c-erbB... 

The oncogene v-erbB, unlike c-erbB, codes for a shortened form of the EGF receptor protein. Usually the binding of EGF is required to turn on the tyrosine kinase activity of the EGF receptor protein, the one coded by c-erbB. However, the tyrosine kinase activity of the receptor derived from v-erbB is switched on permanently, even in the absence of EGF. The uncontrolled grqwth characteristic of cancer cells results. 

Nagata Y, et al. Peptides derived from a wild-type murine proto-oncogene c-erbB-2/HER2/neu can induce CTL and tumor suppression in syngeneic hosts. J Immunol 1997 159 1336. 

Gene amplification 1 Many oncogenes are present in multiple copies erbB amplified in certain breast cancers Dihydrofolate reductase genes are amplified in some tumors, leading to drug resistance... 

Levkowitz, G., L. N. Klapper, E. Tzahar, A. Freywald, M. Sela, and Y. Yarden. Coupling of the c-Cbl protooncogene product to ErbB-l/EGF-receptor but not to other ErbB proteins. Oncogene. 12 1117-1125.1996. 

Sorkin, A., P. P. Di Fiore, and G. Carpenter. The carboxyl terminus of epidermal growth factor receptor/erbB-2 chimerae is internalization impaired. Oncogene. 8 3021-3028.1993. 

Several cancer cell types are characterized by expressing a truncated EGF receptor. The related viral oncogene, V-er B, also encodes a truncated receptor which lacks most of the extracellular domain (the EGF receptor is also known as C-erbB). Mutant receptors that display inappropriate constitutive activity can lead to cellular transformation, due to the continuous generation of mitogenic signal. 

Epidermal growth factor, EGF Transforming growth factor-a, TGF-a ca 6 kD, EGF und TGF-a are up to 40 % identical Receptor tyrosine kinase. EGF-R is a produkt of the c-erbB proto-oncogene... 

While no biopharmaceutical is approved with the requirement of genotyping as a part of its therapeutic indication, a recently approved monoclonal antibody therapy against breast cancer, trastuzumab (Herceptin), is indicated only for those tumors measurably expressing the protein expressed by the gene erbB-2. Because the oncogene product of erbB-2 is elevated... 

Retroviral-Associated Oncogenes That Are Involved in Growth Regulation The src Gene Product The sis Gene Product The erbB Gene Product The ras Gene Product... 

HER-2/nen gene was first discovered as a transforming oncogene in a series of ethyl nitrosourea-induced rat neuroblastomas, where it was called neu (Schecter et al., 1984). Approximately 15 years ago, this oncogene was isolated independently by two separate groups, which named it HER-2 (Coussens et al., 1985) and c-erbB-2 (Semba et al., 1985), respectively. Further evidence revealed that the two genes were the same (Schechter et al., 1985), and it was renamed HER-2Ineu. 

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