Equipment Rotating boiler

In the brush-type still (Fig. 1-40) the distilland is vaporized in a boiler which is equipped with a mechanical stirrer. The vapors rise inside the heated glass column and condense on the air-cooled brush, which rotates at about 450 rpm. The condensate is thrown onto the heated wall by the brush, and is partially vaporized. As this process is repeated, the more volatile material rises into the condensing section, from which it is withdrawn the less volatile components drain into the boiler. The commercially available stills have capacities of from 100 to 1,500 ml of distilland, with a distillation rate of 0.3 to 100 ml of distillate per minute. 

A steam turbine is a device driver that converts kinetic energy (steam energy of movement) to mechanical energy. Steam turbines have a specially designed rotor that rotates as steam strikes it. This rotation is used to operate a variety of shaft-driven equipment. The steam used to operate a steam turbine is produced in a boiler. Boilers produce steam that can enter a turbine at temperatures as high as 1,000°F, and pressures as high as 3,500 psi inlet and 200 psi outlet. High-pressure steam is slowly admitted into a turbine to warm it up and remove the condensate. 

With this the recapitulation of SIS is concluded. We will now look at the application of SIS in various plants to see how in each case the requirements change. Boilers, heaters, and furnaces are considered critical equipment in most operating facilities, posing challenges to safe and reliable operation. Similarly, a turbine as rotating equipment is commonly used in many hazardous plants. In fossil fuel plants both of these are used as main equipment, so it will be better to start the discussion on the application of SIS in industrial plants with fossil fuel power plants. Also the use of SIS in fossil fuel plants is quite a recent development. 

One may expect rotating equipment to make odd sounds, but passive equipment such as heat exchangers should behave with greater decorum. That is possibly why noisy vibrations emanating from heat-transfer equipment are often such a mystery. Take, for example, the case of the vibrating waste-heat boiler. 

Most often, utilities do not direcdy contact process streams. Instead, they exchange heat energy (fuel gas, steam, cooling water, and boiler feed water) in equipment such as heat exchangers and process heaters, or they supply work (electric power or steam) to pimps, conpressors, and other rotating equipment. In most cases, the flowrate can be found either by inspection or by doing a sinple heat balance around the equipment. 

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