Epithelial cells organic cations

Macdonald C, Shao D, Oli A, Agu RU (2013) Characterization of Calu-3 cell monolayers as a model of bronchial epithelial transport organic cation interaction studies. J Drug Target 21(1) 97-106... 

Horvath G, Schmid N, Fragoso MA, Schmid A, Conner GE, Salathe M, Wanner A (2007) Epithelial organic cation transporters ensure pH dependent drug absorption in the airway. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 36 53-60. 

Shen J, Elbert KJ, Yamashita F, Lehr CM, Kim KJ, Lee VH (1999) Organic cation transport in rabbit alveolar epithelial cell monolayers. Pharm Res 16(8) 1280-1287... 

Y. Kato, M. Sugiura, T. Sugiura, T. Wakayama, Y. Kubo, D. Kobayashi, Y. Sai, I. Tamai, S. Iseki, and A. Tsuji. Organic cation/camitine transporter octn2 (slc22a5) is responsible for carnitine transport across apical membranes of small intestinal epithelial cells in mouse. Mol Pharmacol 70 829-837 (2006). 

Grundemann D, Babin-Ebell J, Martel F, Ording N, Schmidt A, Schomig E (1997) Primary structure and functional expression of the apical organic cation transporter from kidney epithelial LLC-PK1 cells. J Biol Chem 272, 10408-10413. 

The major important organic electrolytes and nonelectrolytes transported by epithelial cells include sugars, amino acids, nucleosides, organic cations, and organic anions. Transport systems have significant implications for the absorption, distribution, elimination, and pharmacokinetic properties of many clinically important drugs. The major epithelial tissues... 

The Calu-3 human submucosal gland cell line forms polarized cell monolayers with tight junctions, produces mucus, and develops apical cilia when grown at an air interface. Transport studies can be performed after 10-14 days in culture, and it has been shown that Calu-3 cells express P-gp and actively transport amino acids, nucleosides, and dipeptide analogs organic anions, organic cations, polyamines, and efflux pump substrates are not actively transported.43,51,53-56 Because Calu-3 cells are not subject to the influence of multiple in vivo cell types, the expression of carrier proteins and enzymes may not reflect in vivo levels. Nevertheless, values obtained in Calu-3 permeability studies correlate well with those obtained from primary cultured rabbit tracheal epithelial cells and in vivo rat lung absorption studies.54 Mannitol permeation in Calu-3 cells is about 10 times less than that in vivo, but this is the same ratio difference between Caco-2 cells and in vivo intestinal epithelium.51... 

Fouda AK, Fauth C, Roch-Ramel F. Transport of organic cations by kidney epithelial cell line LLC-PK1. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1990 252 286-292. 

Lamivudine, a weak inhibitor of organic cation transport by renal tubule epithelial cells [70], has also not been associated with significant nephrotoxicity. Acute renal failure with eosinophilic interstitial nephritis was attributed to abaca vir in one patient with HIV infection who also had what appeared to be "classic" FSGS on renal biopsy [71]. The serum creatinine returned to baseline levels after treatment with prednisone and discontinuation of abacavir. 

OCTNl (SLC22A4) is expressed in the kidney, trachea, and bone marrow and operates as an organic cation-proton exchanger OCTNl likely functions as a bidirectional pH- and ATP-dependent transporter at the apical membrane in renal tubular epithelial cells. 

Figure 13-2 Distribution of some elements shown separately in Figure 13-1 in some known tissue compartments, int, intestine hep, hepatocytes bm, bone marrow TfR, transferrin receptors in cells in bone marrow ly, lymphocytes. Lymphocytes ( ) are shown here in the liver. They belong, however, to a pool of cells continuously recirculating between blood and lymph. This could give them a preferential capacity of surveillance of sites where non-transferrin bound iron levels might be abnormally high. Divalent cation transporters represented here by DCTl may come to have important roles in the first step of iron entry into an organism through the intestinal epithelial cells.

Salomon, J. J. Fndter, S. Tachon, G. Faison, F Buckley, S. T. Fhrhardt, C. Transport of the fluorescent organic cation 4-(4-(dimethylamino)styryl)-N-methylpyridinium iodide (ASP-I-) in human respiratory epithelial cells. Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm. 2012,81,351-359. 

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