Epilepsy ketogenic diet

Nehlig, A. Age-dependent pathways of brain energy metabolism the suckling rat, a natural model of the ketogenic diet. Epilepsy Res. 37 211-221,1999. 

Propofol infusion syndrome might be precipitated by a combination of prolonged propofol infusion and carbohydrate intake insufficient to suppress fat metabolism. Support for this hypothesis has come from a case report of a child with catastrophic epilepsy who developed fatal propofol infusion syndrome after a ketogenic diet was introduced in an attempt to control severe intractable epilepsy (962). 

A 5-year-old girl with refractory epilepsy treated with a ketogenic diet was given levetiracetam 250 mg bd (25 mg/kg/day). She had a history of mild mental retardation and was receiving special education. Two weeks later she started to have visual hallucinations, became agitated, bit relatives, and could not sleep. Levetiracetam was withdrawn and her symptoms resolved within 24 hours and did not recur. 

In conclusion, PUFAs play multiple important roles in brain development and the regulation of neuronal excitability. Exploration of their possible function in epilepsy treatment is just now beginning. The possibility that a PUFA diet , analogous to the existing ketogenic diet (Table 3), could play a role in the battle against epilepsy is indeed tantalizing. 

Bough KJ, Valiyil R, Han FT, Eagles DA. Seizure resistance is dependent upon age and caloric restriction in rats fed a ketogenic diet. Epilepsy Res 1999b 35 21-28. 

Bourre JM, Bonneil M. Clement M, Dumont O, Durand G, Lafont H, et al. Function of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids in the nervous system. Prostaglandins Leukotrienes Essential Fatty Acids 1993 48 5-15. Bridge EM, lob LV. The mechanism of the ketogenic diet in epilepsy. Bull Johns Hopkins Hosp 1931 ... 

Helmholz HE, Keith HM. Eight years experience with the ketogenic diet in the treatment of epilepsy. J Am Med Assoc 1930 95 707-709. 

Huttenlocher PR. Ketonemia and seizures metabolic and anticonvulsant effects of two ketogenic diets in childhood epilepsy. Pediatr Res 1976 10 536-540. 

Rho JM, Kim DW, Robbins CA, Anderson GD, 8chwartzkroin PA. Age-dependent differences in flurothyl seizure sensitivity in mice treated with a ketogenic diet. Epilepsy Res 1999 37 233-240. 

Schwartz RM, Boyes 8, Aynsley-Green A. Metabolic effects of three ketogenic diets in the treatment of intractable epilepsy. Dev Med Child Neurol 1989 31 152-160. 

Sirven J, Whedon B, Caplan D, Liporace J. Glosser I ), O Dwyer J, et al. The ketogenic diet for intractable epilepsy in adults preliminary results. Epilepsia 1999 40 1721-1726. 

Stafstrom CE. Animal models of the ketogenic diet what have we learned, what can we learn Epilepsy Res 1999 37 241-259. 

Vining EPG. Clinical efficacy of the ketogenic diet. Epilepsy Res 1999 37 181-190. 

Wilder RM. The effects of ketonemia on the course of epilepsy. Mayo Clinic Proc 1921 2 307-308. Withrow CD. The ketogenic diet mechanisms of anticonvulsant action. In Glaser GH, Penry JK, Woodbury... 

Papandreou, D., Pavlou, E., Kalimeri, E. and Mavromichalis, I. The ketogenic diet in children with epilepsy. Br J Nutr 95 (2006) 5-13. 

Paul E, Conant KD, Dunne IE, Pfeifer HH, Lyczkowski DA, Linshaw MA, Thiele EA. Urohthiasis on the ketogenic diet with concurrent topiramate or zonisamide therapy. Epilepsy Res 2010 90(1-2) 151-6. 

A disorder of the nervous system characterized by convulsions and/or loss of consciousness. Special ketogenic diets are sometimes used in the treatment of epilepsy. 

A ketogenic diet is considered monotonous and unpalatable. In some cases a ketogenic diet may be prescribed to control epilepsy, if drugs prove ineffective. 

Consequently, an enriched MCT diet may slow down the progression of the Parkinson disease, allowing those patients to have normal lives. Another proper aspect of the ketogenic diet is its usage in therapies for dementia, in dietary management of multiple sclerosis and epilepsy (Maalouf et al, 2009). 

Liu, Y. C. Wang, H. S. (2013). Medium-chain triglyceride ketogenic diet, an effective treatment for drug-resistant epilepsy and a comparison with other ketogenic diets. BiomedicalJ., 36 (1), 9-15. 

Neal, E. G., Chaffe, H., Schwartz, R. H., Lawson, M. S., Edwards, N., Fitzsimmons, G., Whitney, A. Cross, J. H. (2009). A randomized trial of classical and medium-chain triglyceride ketogenic diets in the treatment of childhood epilepsy. Epilepsia., 50, 1109-1117. 

---