Epidermal growth factor carcinogenesis

Simeonova, P. P. et al., c-Src-dependent activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway by arsenic. Role in carcinogenesis, J. Biol. Chem., 277, 2945, 2002. 

Partanen R, Hemminki K, Koskinen H, et al. 1994b. The detection of increased amounts of the extracellular domain of the epidermal growth factor receptor in serum during carcinogenesis in asbestosis patients. J Occup Med 36 1324-1328. 

Most head and neck cancers affecting the mouth, nasal cavities, larynx and pharynx, are squamous ceU carcinomas (SCCHN). Recently, it has been shown that increased expression of epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor occurs early in squamous ceU carcinogenesis, and is critical for the loss of growth control. Stimulation of the... 

Korutla, L., Cheung, J.Y., Mendelsohn, J., and Kumar, R., Inhibition of ligand-induced activation of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine phosphorylation by curcumin. Carcinogenesis, 16(8), 1741-1745, 1995. 

Boileau TW, Liao Z, Kim S, Lemeshow S, Erdman JW Jr, Clinton SK (2003) Prostate carcinogenesis in N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (NMU)-testosterone-treated rats fed tomato powder, lycopene, or energy-restricted diets. J Natl Cancer Inst 95 1578-1586 Bonaccorsi L, Muratori M, Carloni V, Marchiani S, Formigli L, Forti G, Baldi E (2004) The androgen receptor associates with the epidermal growth factor receptor in androgen-sensitive prostate cancer cells. Steroids 69 549-552... 

Adachi S, Nagao T, To S, Joe AK, Shimizu M, Matsushima-Nishiwaki R, Kozawa O, Moriwaki H, Maxfield FR, Weinstein IB (2008) (-)-Epigallocatechin gallate causes internalization of the epidermal growth factor receptor in human colon cancer cells. Carcinogenesis 29 1986-1993... 

The mechanism of action of drug induced hepatocellular tumors is quite similar to epidermal carcinogenesis. There are a series of biochemical changes such as enzyme induction that are parallel in liver and skin. Hyperplastic nodules result from promoter treatment and these nodules regress if the promoting stimulus is removed up to a critical point, after which the nodule is committed to develop into a hepatoma. The preneoplasic nodules contain enzyme altered foci for y-glutamyltranspeptidase, canalicular ATPase, glu-cose-6-phosphatase and iron deficient foci (Pitot et al., 1982). It is not clear whether or not all of the enzyme alTered foci result in hepatomas but they are certainly direct evidence of enhanced clonal growth or cell section and proliferation of presumably initiated cells. The promotional model can be modified by hormonal and dietary factors and this model has potential use for extrapolation to the human population. 

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