Enzymes bioactive peptide production

The influence of eutectic media on the kinetics and productivity of biocatalysts has yet to be fully elucidated. Syntheses in eutectic suspensions have been scaled up to the pilot scale in a rotating drum reactor. The bioactive peptide Na-Cbz-L-Lys(Ne-Cbz)-Gly-L-Asp(OAll)-L-Glu(OAll)OEt was synthesized via a sequential N-to-C strategy in a heterogeneous solid-liquid mixture of the substrates in the presence of chymopapain and subtilisin as well as 16-20% (w/w) water and ethanol (Gill, 2002). At substrate concentrations of around 1 m, yields of 67-74% per step at product concentrations of 0.36, 0.49, and 0.48 kg kg-1 were achieved. The corresponding space-time yields were between 0.30 and 0.64 kg (kg d)-1 and biocatalyst reuse provided productivities of 166-312 kg product (kg enzyme)-1. 

Smacchi, E. and Gobetti, M. 2000. Bioactive peptides in dairy products synthesis and interaction with proteolytic enzymes. Food Microb. 17, 129-141. 

Peptide biosynthesis may occur through two different systems. Most of cellular peptides and proteins are produced by the ribosomal machinery connecting 20 proteino-genic amino acids to the desired products. However, most of the bioactive peptides are produced non-ribosomally by large peptide synthetases. These peptides are used as antibiotics, enzyme inhibitors, toxins, and other medically useful drugs. The biosynthesis of... 

Arthrospira production is realized in China and India (Kato and Suzuki, 1971 Morris et ah, 2007). Therefore, new interest has been developed to search natural and safe bioactive peptides from natural sources. Furthermore, antioxidant peptides have been isolated from hydrolysates of various proteinaceous food materials and recently the possible roles of food-derived bioactive peptides in reducing the risk of diseases have been reported (Kim and Wijesekara, 2010). In addition, two peptides were identified from the enzyme hydrolysis of N. incerta. Table 25.2 shows some microalgae-derived peptides. 

Murray, B. A., FitzGerald, R. J. (2007). Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory peptides derived from food proteins biochemistry, bioactivity and production. Current Pharmaceutical Design, 13, 773-791. 

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