Entrained flow gasifier

This type of gasifier uses co-current flow mode of operation with short residence time (a few seconds). The feed (pulverized solid, atomized liquid, or slurry liquid) is gasified with oxygen or much less frequently with air. The gasification reactions take place in a dense cloud of very fine particles. Particles of this size are needed to promote mass transfer and allow transport in the gas. The major part of the ash is removed. Entrained-flow gasifier operates at high temperatures (due to the short residence time) and the particles are well separated from one another. 

The entrained-flow reactors are the gasifiers of the choice for gasification of refinery residues. 

Modeling of Processes and Reactors for Upgrading of Heavy Petroleum 

There are other novel gasification technologies that have been reported in the literature, some of which are as follows  

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Hitachi. This coal gasification technology is based on an oxygen-blown entrained flow gasifier, where the majority of experience has been gained in a 150 ton coal/day unit. The gasifier is a water-cooled tube that is lined by a high-temperature-resistant castable. Pulverized coal is pneumatically... 

Shell entrained flow gasifier, 6 799-800 Shellfish poison, 5 822 Shell higher olefins process (SHOP), 17 122, 718-720, 725, 26 939... 

Henrich, E., Weirich, F., Pressurized entrained flow gasifiers for biomass, Environ. Eng. Sci., 2004, 21, 53. 

Fortunately, efforts in addition to those of DOE are being implemented. The Tennessee Valley Authority is sponsoring the construction of an entrained flow gasifier to operate at elevated pressure and to provide synthesis gas to their small Ammonia Plant at Muscle Shoals, Alabama. Ironically, this ammonia plant was originally built using coke-fed water gas sets for synthesis gas production. It was converted to use natural gas steam reforming when cheap natural gas became available. The use of coal will provide valuable data on MBG production and purification. 

The Lurgi multi-purpose gasifier (MPG) is an entrained flow gasifier nsed for liquid wastes (tars, oils, solvents, emulsions and also the tars and oils generated by the fixed bed reactors, and even slurries). 

This process can be operated on all types of coal without pretreatment. Dried, pulverized coal and oxygen are converted in a horizontal, entrained-flow gasifier at about 1820°C and near-atmospheric pressure. The raw gas is quenched with water to solidify entrained molten ash, scrubbed to remove entrained solids, and purified to remove hydrogen sulfide and a controlled quantity of carbon dioxide. The resulting product is used as synthesis gas. 

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