Entrained flow gasifiers

In terms of modeling, single-stage gasifiers approach thermodynamic equilibrium especially well because of the well-mixed co-current flow at high temperatures. For kinetic models, the extent of internal recirculation determines 

Industrial Coal Gasification Technologies Covering Baseline and High-Ash Coal, First Edition. 

The main available technologies are described in the following sections with focus on four selected processes. 

To provide chemical industries with clean syngas even when using low-rank fuels such as salt-rich lignite or biomass entrained flow-type gasifiers were developed, offering many advantages in synthesis gas generation and downstream synthesis  

The core element of the bioliq process of the Karlsruhe Institute ofTechnology (KIT) is the gasification of bioslurries, also referred as to or biosyncrude, in a pressurized 

---

Hitachi. This coal gasification technology is based on an oxygen-blown entrained flow gasifier, where the majority of experience has been gained in a 150 ton coal/day unit. The gasifier is a water-cooled tube that is lined by a high-temperature-resistant castable. Pulverized coal is pneumatically... 

Shell entrained flow gasifier, 6 799-800 Shellfish poison, 5 822 Shell higher olefins process (SHOP), 17 122, 718-720, 725, 26 939... 

Henrich, E., Weirich, F., Pressurized entrained flow gasifiers for biomass, Environ. Eng. Sci., 2004, 21, 53. 

Fortunately, efforts in addition to those of DOE are being implemented. The Tennessee Valley Authority is sponsoring the construction of an entrained flow gasifier to operate at elevated pressure and to provide synthesis gas to their small Ammonia Plant at Muscle Shoals, Alabama. Ironically, this ammonia plant was originally built using coke-fed water gas sets for synthesis gas production. It was converted to use natural gas steam reforming when cheap natural gas became available. The use of coal will provide valuable data on MBG production and purification. 

The Lurgi multi-purpose gasifier (MPG) is an entrained flow gasifier nsed for liquid wastes (tars, oils, solvents, emulsions and also the tars and oils generated by the fixed bed reactors, and even slurries). 

This process can be operated on all types of coal without pretreatment. Dried, pulverized coal and oxygen are converted in a horizontal, entrained-flow gasifier at about 1820°C and near-atmospheric pressure. The raw gas is quenched with water to solidify entrained molten ash, scrubbed to remove entrained solids, and purified to remove hydrogen sulfide and a controlled quantity of carbon dioxide. The resulting product is used as synthesis gas. 

---