Enter Simulation Environment

You have now completed all necessary input to begin yom simulation. Click on the Enter Simulation Environment button or click on the icon to begin your simulation as shown in Figure 1-6. 

Click the Enter Simulation Environment button when you are ready to start building the simulation. 

Click Enter Simulation Environment at the bottom of Simulation Basis Manager. Click Heater in the Object Palette and click it on Process Flow Diagram (PFD). Click General Reactor, three different reactors will pop up, click conversion reactor and click it on PFD. Do the same for the Cooler and Separator. 

Finally, for starting the simulation, one must leave the Basis Environment and enter the simulation environment. For that, we must close aU the windows but the first one and press the Enter Simulation Environment button. What we get is shown in Figure 8.52. 

Open a new case in Hysys, select water for component, ASME Steam as fluid package, and then enter simulation environment. Build pipe flow sheet. Double click on feed stream and specify feed stream conditions. Double click on the pipe segment on the object palette, switch to the Rating page, and click on the Append Segment, and then add pipes and fitting as shown in Figures 2.46 and 2.47. 

In a Hysys new case, all the components involved in the problem is selected for this case, it is water. For fluid package, ASME Stream is selected, then Enter Simulation Environment. 

Click on Add Set to bring the set under Current Reaction Sets. Close the window and click on Enter Simulation Environment. 

Once you have specified the components and fluid package, and entered the simulation environment, you will see the view as shown in Figiue 1-7. Before proceeding, you should taking care of a few features of this simulation window ... 

The second part of this chapter was about how to enter and re-enter the simulation environment, and get familiar with simulation flowsheet. In this part, users are also informed some important features of HYSYS. 

Once the reaction set is added to the Fluid Package, you can enter the Simulation Environment and begin construction of the simulation. 

Click the Enter Basis Environment button to view the Simulation Basis Manager. 

The final task is to make the set available to the Fluid Package, which also makes it available in the flowsheet. Add the Reaction Set to the Fluid Package. Once the reaction set is added to the Fluid Package, Click Enter the Simulation Environment and begin construction of the simulation. 

In a new case in Hysys, add all components involved in the mixture, select Anto/ne as the fluid package, and then enter the simulation environment. Click on stream in the object pallet, then click on any place in the PFD, double click on the stream and enter molar compositions of each component. In the conditions page set the vapor/phase fraction = 0 the calculated temperature (which is the boiling point temperature at the given pressure 1.5 atm) is 105.5°C as shown in Figure 1.1. 

In a new case in Hysys, add the components ethane and water, and select the appropriate fluid package (NRTL). Enter the simulation environment and mix the two streams as shown in Figure 1.39. The Workbook is used to display the stream summary table below the process flow sheet. Click on Workbook in the toolbar once the workbook appears, click on Setup in the Workbook menu, and then click on Add to add the required variables from the list of variables. Once all information required is added to the workbook, right click anywhere in the PFD area and select Add Workbook Table. 

Start a new case in Hysys and use the SI units, from the Tools menu. Preferences, and then Variables. Choose water as the component flowing in the pipe, and ASME STEAM as Property packages and click Enter the simulation Environment. 

Select a new case in Hysys. For components, select water and for fluid package, select ASME steam. Enter the simulation environment. Select the pipe segment from the object palette. Specify the feed stream conditions, stream composition, and product stream temperature. 

Open a new case in Hysys, select water as the pure component, ASME steam for the fluid package, and then enter the simulation environment. Select the pipe segment from the object palette, double click on the pipe and fill in the connection page. Click on the Worksheet tab set the feed and product stream temperatures to 20°C (isothermal condition) and the feed pressure to 20 atm. Click on the Rating tab then click on Append segment and specify the parameters of the pipe as shown in Figure 2.29. 

Select a new case in Hysys. For Components, select ethanol and water for Fluid Package, select Non-Random Two Liquid (activity coefficient model), NRTL, and then enter the simulation environment. From the object palette, select Mixer and place it in the PFD area. Create two in let streams and connect one exit stream. Click on stream 1 and enter 25°C for temperature, 5 atm for pressure, and 100 kmol/h for molar flow rate. In the composition page enter the value 0.2 for ethanol and 0.8 for water. Click on stream S2 and enter 25°C for temperature and 5 atm for pressure to ensure that both the ethanol and water are in the liquid phase, and 100 kmol/h for molar flow rate. In the composition page, enter 0.4 for ethanol and 0.6 mole fraction for water. To display the result below the process flow sheet, right click on each stream and select the show table, double click on each table and click on Add Variable, select the component mole fraction and click on Add Variable for both ethanol and water. Remove units and label for stream 2 and remove labels for stream 3. Results should appear like that shown in Figure 3.2. 

The stoichiometric coefficients of the second reaction are entered in the same way as the coefficients of the first reaction. Click on Basis select CO as the base component, for Rxn Phase overall, for CO 100, and 0.0 for Cl and C2. Click on Add to FP and then on Add set to Fiuid Package note that Basis-1 should appear under Assoc. Fiuid Pkgs. Press Return to Simuiation Environment to return to the simulation environment. You may have noticed a button that was never there before when we looked at the reaction sets. Click on Ranking and change the default setting to 1 so that those reactions occur simultaneously in the parallel reactions (Figure 3.26). 

Enterthe simulation environmentby clickingon Return to Simulation Environment. To set up the conversion reactor, select a conversion reactor from the object palette and place it on the PFD. Connect feed and product streams and then double click on stream 1 and enter the temperature, 350°C pressure, 30.4 bar and molar flow, 7596 kgmol/h. Click on Composition and enter the molar fraction and then close the inlet stream window and double click on the conversion reactor then press the Reaction tab from the pull-down menu in front of Reaction Set and chose the reaction set. 

Select a new case in Hysys, add the components involved, and then select PRSV as a fluid package. Enter the simulation environment, select material stream, and specify feed conditions, that is, temperature, pressure, and flow rates. In the composition page specify the mole fraction of feed components or specify feed components molar flow rates by clicking on Basis (Figure 5.28). Specify the reaction stoichiometric coefficients after selecting the kinetic reaction type. In the reaction basis, specify reaction basis unit, rate units, and reaction phase. 

Enter EVT Environment... Extend Simulation Basis Manager.,. Return to Simulation Envlronmert... ... 

The environmental impact of a new product needs to be assessed before it can be released for general use. Chemicals released into the environment can enter the food chain and be concentrated in plants and animals. Aquatic ecosystems are particularly sensitive, in this respect, since chemicals, when applied to agricultural land, can be transported in the ground water to rivers and then to the lakes, where they can accumulate in fish and plant life. The ecokinetic model presented here is based on a simple compartmental analysis and is based on laboratory ecosystem studies (Blau et ah, 1975). The model is useful in simulating the results of events, such as the accidental spillage of an agrochemical into a pond, where it is not ethical to perform actual experimental studies. 

Figure 6.2 Virtual reality uses computer graphics to simulate the experience of being in a 3-D world. This type of therapy is used to treat phobias. By wearing a headset and entering a virtual world, patients can come face-to-face with their fears while remaining in a safe environment.

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