Energy Research and Development Agency

This work was supported by the Office of Industrial Technologies (U. S. Department of Energy), Biofine, Inc. Chemical Industiy service, Inc. and the New York Energy Research and Development Agency. I am also grateful to Dr. Joseph J. Bo2ell at NREL for the many stimulating discussions. 

The Energy Research and Development Agency (ERDA), the forerunner to the DOE, through the late 1970s to 1981 supported the study of three new experimental processes for uranium enrichment. Two were based upon laser separation, and one on plasma separation. Jersey Nuclear-Avco Isotopes Incorporated (subsidiary of Exxon) and the LLNL worked on atomic uranium vapor. LLNL referred to it as AVUS. The LANL and a group at Exxon Research Laboratories (not connected with Jersey-Avco) worked on molecular UFg. TRW Incorporated pursued research work on a plasma separation process. Union Carbide Nuclear Division (UCC-ND) supported each in their efforts. In 1981, the AVLIS process at LLNL was selected as the process to be developed further and the other processes were subsequently phased out. 

This research was sponsored jointly by the Environmental Protection Agency and the U.S. Energy Research and Development Administration under contract with the Union Carbide Corporation. 

Thus the early conceptions of the Energy Research and Development Administration s programs included liberal use of demonstration plants to reduce technological and market uncertainties. Additionally, flexible patent policies were granted the agency to permit incentives for commercialization to be tailored to specific technological and market conditions. 

The DoE, established in 1977, combined several other agencies, including the Energy Research and Development Administration, set up in 1974. 

ANL = Argonne National Laboratory ARPA = Advanced Research Projects Agency BNL = Brookhaven National Laboratory ERDA = Energy Research and Development Administration GA = General Atomic Company LASL = Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory LLL = Lawrence Livermore Laboratory NBS = National Bureau of Standards ORNL = Oak Ridge National Laboratory PPPL = Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory W = Westinghouse... 

To proceed with the WIPP site characterization, the U.S. Energy Research and Development Administration, which was a predecessor agency of DOE, filed an application in 1976 with the BLM for the withdrawal of 69.61 km of land in Eddy County, New Mexico, for the WIPP project. The application effectively segregated the identified lands from public entry for a period of two years from the date of its noticing Federal Register, 1976). This segregation was continued by BLM based on a subsequent DOE application made in 1978 Federal Register, 1978). 

Until 1975 government support for research and development of hybrid cars was tied to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). In that year (and after at least two unsatisfiictory results of EPA-sup-ported hybrid car projects), this role was shifted to the Energy Research and Development Administration, which later became the Department of Energy (DOE). 

NR = not reported R D = Research and Development SD = standard deviation U.K. AEA = United Kingdom Atomic Energy Agency... 

Dunn, C.E. 1982. The massive Wollaston Uranium Biogeochemical Anomaly in the boreal forest of Northern Saskatchewan, Canada. In Uranium Exploration Methods Review of the NEA/IAEA Research and Development Programme, Paris, France, 1 -4 June, 1982, OECD Nuclear Energy Agency, 477-491. 

This research is sponsored by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory, under a related services agreement with the U.S. Department of Energy, Contract DE-AC06-76RL0 1830. 

HPT Research, Inc., developed the ISM process to remove heavy metals, sulfate ions, and acidity from AMD. According to the vendor, HPT Research, Inc., has conducted research and development and third-party testing with the U.S. Department of Energy s (DOE s) Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, California State University Lresno, and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). This technology has been demonstrated on a bench scale. The process and proprietary chemical additives are patented. HPT Research, Inc., is seeking opportunities to demonstrate the ISM process on a pilot scale. 

Smith, J.H., Mabey, W.R., Bahonos, N. Holt, B.R., Lee, S.S., Chou, T.W., Venberger, D.C., Mill, T. (1978) Envimmental Pathways of Selected Chemicals in Fresh Water Systems Part II. Laboratory Studies. Interagency Energy-Environment Research Program Report. EPA-600/7-78-074. Environmental Research Laboratory Office of Research and Development. U.S. Environment Protection Agency, Athens, GA. 

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