Endrin aldehyde

Snyder et al. [20] have compared supercritical fluid extraction with classical sonication and Soxhlet extraction for the extraction of selected pesticides from soils. Samples extracted with supercritical carbon dioxide modified with 3% methanol at 350atm and 50°C gave a =85% recovery of organochlorine insecticides including Dichlorvos, Endrin, Endrin aldehyde, p,p -DDT mirex and decachlorobiphenyl (and organophosphorus insecticides). 

Ongoing Research for Endrin, Endrin Aldehyde, or Endrin Ketone... 

Regulations and Guidelines Applicable to Endrin/Endrin Aldehyde/Endrin Ketone... 

This toxicologic profile focuses on endrin, but because of its close association to both endrin aldehyde and endrin ketone, the profile includes studies with data relevant to human exposure to these compounds when available. 

Endrin is a solid, white, almost odorless substance that was used as a pesticide to control insects, rodents, and birds. Endrin has not been produced or sold for general use in the United States since 1986. Little is known about the properties of endrin aldehyde, an impurity and breakdown product of endrin, or endrin ketone, which is a product of endrin when it is exposed to light. 

Further information on the properties and uses of endrin, endrin aldehyde, and endrin ketone is in Chapters 3 and 4. 

The persistence of endrin in the environment depends highly on local conditions. Some estimates indicate that endrin can stay in soil for over 10 years. Endrin may also be broken down by exposure to high temperatures (230 °C) or light to form primarily endrin ketone and endrin aldehyde. 

It is not known what happens to endrin aldehyde or endrin ketone once they are released to the environment however, the amount of endrin broken down to endrin aldehyde or endrin ketone is... 

Endrin was found in less than 1% of all food sampled by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1991. Because endrin is no longer used in the United States, residues on imported foods are the main source of potential human exposure in food. The levels of endrin aldehyde or endrin ketone in foods are not known. 

Endrin and endrin aldehyde can enter your body when you eat foods or drink beverages or breathe air that contain this substance, or when it comes in contact with your skin. When endrin enters your body in any of these ways, it is rapidly changed into other substances. Endrin and its metabolic breakdown products are rapidly removed from the body, usually within a few days, through the urine and feces. There is some evidence that small amounts of endrin may remain in the fatty tissue of your body when you are exposed to high levels. No information is known about how endrin aldehyde or endrin ketone leaves the body. 

One study in rodents suggests that exposure to endrin aldehyde or endrin ketone may cause liver disease. No other studies were found on how endrin aldehyde or endrin ketone can affect your health. 

Further information on how endrin levels can be measured in exposed persons is in Chapter 6. No information is available on tests for exposure to endrin aldehyde or endrin ketone. 

More detailed information on federal and state regulations related to endrin is in Chapter 7. No information can be found on government regulations for endrin aldehyde or endrin ketone. 

The concentrations associated with death in each species are recorded in Table 2-1 and plotted in Figure 2-1. No studies were located regarding lethal effects in humans or animals after inhalation exposure to endrin aldehyde or endrin ketone. 

Table 2-1. Levels of Significant Exposure to Endrin/Endrin Aldehyde - Inhalation... 

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