Permeability, endothelial

Endothelial permeability Transporter proteins Enzymatic/metabolic activity Disease Tissue composition (drug sequestration) Dose size/volume Conformation Chemical stability Enzymatic stability... 

Table 4. In vitro endothelial permeability through an ECV 304 cell monolayer...

Angiotensin II can cause a net fluid accumulation in tissues and has been shown to increase the permeability of the endothelium in large arteries and to widen the in-terendothelial spaces in the aorta and in coronary, mesenteric, and peripheral arteries. This response to angiotensin II probably reflects the effect of elevated pressure on the endothelial permeability barrier. The peptide also stimulates the release of the vasodilator prostacyclin from arterial endothelial cells. 

Holinstat, M., Knezevic, N., Broman, M., Samarel, A. M., Malik, A. B., and Mehta, D. (2006). Suppression of RhoA activity by focal adhesion kinase-induced activation of pl90RhoGAP Role in regulation of endothelial permeability. J. Biol. Chem. 281, 2296-2305. 

Abbott, N.J. 1998. Role of intracellular calcium in regulation of brain endothelial permeability. In... 

Breslin, J. W., Pappas, P. J., Cerveira, J. J., Hobson, R. W., 2nd, and Duran, W. N. 2003. VEGF increases endothelial permeability by separate signaling pathways involving ERK-1/2 and nitric oxide. Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 284 H92-H100. 

Corada, M., Zanetta, L., Orsenigo, F., Breviario, F., Lampugnani, M. G., et al. 2002. A monoclonal antibody to vascular endothelial-cadherin inhibits tumor angiogenesis without side effects on endothelial permeability. Blood 100 905-911. 

In addition to the issue of endothelial permeability, the effect of macrophages in direct contact with the blood circulation (e.g. Kupffer cells in the liver) on the disposition of carrier systems must be considered. Unless precautions are taken, particulate carrier systems are readily phagocytosed by these macrophages and tend to accumulate in these cells. Phagocytic uptake by the cells of the mononuclear phagocyte systems (MPS also sometimes known as the reticuloendothelial system, RES) has been described in Chapter 1 (Section 1.3.3.2). The MPS comprises both ... 

Minshall RD, Malik AB. Transport across the endothelium regulation of endothelial permeability. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2006 176(Pt l) 107-44. 

Fluorescein retention measurements are converted to relative amount of fluorescence normalized against protein concentration. Test chemical exposure causing disruption of tight junctions will allow fluorescein molecules to penetrate the comeal tissue and become trapped within its epithelial layer. Thus, fluorescein molecules are used as a permeability tracer and applied in defining comeal epithelial and endothelial permeability (Watsky et al. 1989). FITC-retention provides a quantitative assessment for paracellular leakage... 

Watsky MA, McDermott ML, Edelhauser HF (1989) In vitro corneal endothelial permeability in rabbit and human the effects of age, cataract surgery and diabetes. Exp Eye Res 49(5) 751—767... 

Alexander JS, Patton WF, Christman BW, Cuiper LL, and HaseHon FR. (1998). Platelet-derived lysophosphatidic acid decreases endothelial permeability in vitro. Am. J. Physiol. 274, HI 15-22. 

Microvascular endothelial cells play a key role in coordinating the inflammatory response of the airway mucosa. Increased endothelial permeability and adhesion of leukocytes to the luminal surface of the endothelium are characteristic features of inflammation. By governing the... 

Despite their small size, endothelial gaps have an enormous effect on endothelial permeability (Majno and Palade, 1961 Clough, 1991 Wu and Baldwin, 1992b ... 

Suttorp, N., Weber, U., Welsch, T. and Schudt, C. (1993). Role of phosphodiesterases in the regulation of endothelial permeability in vitro. J. Clin. Invest. 91, 1421-1428. 

Zink, S., Rosen, P., Sackmann, B. and Lemoine, H. (1993). Regulation of endothelial permeability by -adrenoceptor agonists Contribution of /3i-adrenoceptor and 0z-adrenoceptots. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1178, 286-298. 

Suttorp N, HesszT, SeegerW etal. (1988) Bacterial exotoxins and endothelial permeability for water and albumin. In Am J Physiol 255 C369-C376. 

Divide PSe value by the surface area of the filter porous membrane (see Fig. 3) in order to generate the endothelial permeability coefficient (noted Pe, expressed in cm/min). 

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