ELISA ELISPOT

Various assays, including ELISA, immunoblots, and chamber ELIspot, have been employed for demonstrating polyreactivity of preimmune antibodies in both mice and humans (Temynck and Avrameas, 1986 Quan et al., 1997 Klimman, 1994). In a complex biological matrix, polyreactive antibodies are bound by components of the matrix, leaving... 

The ELISpot assay has been adapted for the detection of individual cells secreting specific cytokines or other antigens. ELISpot assays employ the quantitative sandwich ELISA technique. A monoclonal antibody specific for the cytokine is precoated onto a microplate. Cells are pipetted into the wells of the microplates. During the incubation period, the immobilized antibody (in the immediate vicinity... 

Using the ELISA (with avidin-biotin bridges) and ELISPOT methods a stimulating effect of selected probiotic bacteria (Bifidobacterium longum, B animalis, Lactobacillus easel, L. salivarius) on the immune system of the rat and mouse has been demonstrated (higher level of specific as well as total IgGa and IgA content) (Nagy et al., 2002). 

Evaluating the immune response to the vaccine at the same time as evaluating toxicity is recommended in a 2003 WHO guideline (Table 31.1). This makes good sense because any toxicity observed with vaccines is frequently related to the immune response, and correlation of these two endpoints provides a fuller explanation of the test results. Assays to measure the immune response include those which measure antigen-specific antibody responses (e.g., ELISA) and cell-mediated responses (e.g., y-interferon—ELISPOT). Developing these... 

We do not describe in details the immunological methods (immunization, Gr release assay, ELISPOT, ELISA and flow cytometry) used for the analysis of the immune responses induced by the liposome vaccines (Subheading 3.2). For comprehensive information, we refer to our publications (21-23) and to the related literature. 

Ekerfelt, C., Emerudh, J., and Jenmalm, M.C. (2002) Detection of spontaneous and antigen induced human interleukin 4 responses in vitro comparison of ELISPOT, a novel ELISA and real time RT PCR. Journal of Immunological Methods, 260, 55 67. 

The ELISPOT (enzyme-linked immunospot) assay is based on classical immunoassay principles and the detection procedures employed in ELISA assays. Its sensitivity, ease of use, employment of highly reactive, standardized monoclonal antibodies, conunercial availability, and ready application to studies on individual cell types makes it a good choice for research and diagnostic... 

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