Polyreactive antibodies

Various assays, including ELISA, immunoblots, and chamber ELIspot, have been employed for demonstrating polyreactivity of preimmune antibodies in both mice and humans (Temynck and Avrameas, 1986 Quan et al., 1997 Klimman, 1994). In a complex biological matrix, polyreactive antibodies are bound by components of the matrix, leaving 

It is possible that limited denaturation of the antibodies occurs during purification, altering their monospecificity. For example, it has been demonstrated that the binding site of Mil, a murine, monoclonal antibody, is altered after purification at a low pH (2.2), resulting in its binding to many different proteins (McMahon and O Kennedy, 2000). The inference is that such a polyreactivity represents an acquired, artificial characteristic. 

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Casali, P. Notkins, A.L. (1989). Probing the human B-cell repertoire with EBV polyreactive antibodies and CD5+ B lymphocytes. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 7, 513-535. 

Sigounas, G., Harindranath, N., Donadel, G., and Notkins, A. L. 1994. Half life of polyreactive antibodies. J. Clin. Immunol. 74 134. 

McMahon, M. J., and O Kennedy, R. 2000. Polyreactivity as an acquired artifact, rather than a physiologic property, of antibodies Evidence that monoreactive antibodies may gain the ability to bind to multiple antigens after exposure to low pH. J. Immunol. Methods 247 1-10. 

Avrameas, A., Temynck, T., Nato, F., Buttin, G. and Avrameas, S. (1998) Polyreactive anti-DNA monoclonal antibodies and a derived peptide as vectors for the intracytoplasmic and intranuclear translocation of macromolecules. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 95, 5601-5606. 

Mietzner, B., M. Tsuiji, J. Scheid, K. Velinzon, T. Tiller, K. Abraham, J. B. Gonzalez, V. Pascual, D. Stichweh, H. Wardemann, and M. C. Nussenzweig. 2008. Autoreactive IgG memory antibodies in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus arise from nonreactive and polyreactive precursors. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 105 9727-9732. 

Ichiyoshi, Y., and P. Casali. 1994. Analysis of the structural correlates for antibody polyreactivity by multiple reassortments of chimeric human immunoglobulin heavy and light chain V segments. J. Exp. Med. 180 885-895. 

Roggenbuck, D., Marx, U., Kiessig, S. T., Schoenherr, G., Jahn, S., and Porstmann, T. (1994). Purification and immunochemical characterization of a natural human polyreactive monoclonal IgM antibody.. Immunol. Methods 167, 207-218. 

U., Glycosylation analysis of a polyreactive human monoclonal IgG antibody derived... 

Monoclonal antibodies with light-chain heterogeneity produced by mouse hydridomas Natural human polyreactive monoclonal IgM antibody... 

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