Revenue element

Due to the direct contact of water with various species, the aqueous streams are laden with various compounds including methanol, non-process elements NPEs, and organic and inorganic species. In this problem, we focus on methanol as the pimary species in water. Methanol is classified as a high priority pollutant for the pulping industry. In addition, it may provide a source of revenue if properly recovered. 

Figure 1.14 shows a typical distribution for the geochemically abundant elements in crustal rocks. It could be seen that the proportion of the volume of material available for exploitation increases in geometrical progression as grade falls in arithmetical progression. In a sense, therefore, there is no finite limit to the availability of such elements, however, dilution with host rock implies that revenue would be insufficient to cover the fixed cost of extraction. 

There can be an element of maintenance that is a fixed and an element that is variable. Fixed maintenance costs cover routine maintenance such as statutory maintenance on safety equipment that must be carried out irrespective of the rate of production. Variable maintenance costs result from certain items of equipment needing more maintenance as the production rate increases. Also, the royalties that cover the cost of purchasing another company s process technology may have different bases. Royalties may be a variable cost, since they can sometimes be paid in proportion to the rate of production or sales revenue. Alternatively, the royalty might be a single-sum payment at the beginning of the project. In this case, the single-sum payment will become part of the project capital investment. As such, it will be included in the annual capital repayment, and this becomes part of the fixed cost. 

Key elements of an enhanced revenue performance management capability include ... 

For any project, the repayment of the loan must effectively come out of its proceeds over the years, i.e. the total net revenues (cash flow) must be at least as large as the amount borrowed, on top of the other costs of construction, etc. However, the repayment element of the loan is not included in a financial appraisal, because its equivalent in plant cost has already been included in the balance as part of that cost. (An alternative way of looking at this is that the company, in paying back the loan, is just replacing that part of the original cost with an equal but differently sourced sum of money.)... 

A practice management system is the organizational framework that supports the practice. A practice management system represents an orderly approach to developing a system that enables practitioners to provide pharmaceutical care. A practice management system contains four elements (1) a clear description of the service provided, (2) a list of resources required to deliver the service, (3) a practice evaluation process, and (4) a revenue stream. 

Price - the only element to generate revenue, the crucial engine of market success and driver of profitability. 

This problem of finding the revenue that must be generated each period to justify a capital expenditure is one of the most common facing the engineer. The analyst should be reminded that there are two elements of the capital recovery factor. The first is the recovery of the 120,000 original investment, and the second is the necessity of earning 20% on the capital invested over the life of the project. In this case,... 

As products flow along the supply chain, the prices for one entity become the costs for the next. Thus, for the commercialization of new technology, the word cost has different meanings for producers and users. For users, the price and cost of a product or service are the same. For producers, however, cost is the expense incurred to produee a product or supply a service. To earn a profit and a return on investment, the producer s aggregate costs over time must be lower than the aggregate revenue. Time becomes the key element in the equation. In the short run, costs are often higher than prices but there must be an expectation that, in the long run, prices will exceed costs. 

The cost elements are obviously interrelated. Design changes and modifications made to improve reliabihty and maintainabiUty, will shift the revenue curve upward. This shift is achieved because production interruptions are reduced, and production at maximum capacity is possible at a greater percentage of time. Improved rehabihty and maintainahihty... 

In essence, planners establish assumptions about the costs, revenues, and profits from the new product. In this process they must make educated guesses about the structure and performance of the supply chain, including elements both internal and external to the company. Planners then set milestones for the implementation process. At these milestones, they compare actual results to assumptions. The outcome is anticipated in the planning and then discovered through this process. If the technique is well executed, contingency plans are at the ready to react when reality departs from the assumptions. 

The mathematical formulation of the model consists of the objective function (Eq. 12.1) and constraints (Eq. 12.7-12.13). Equations (12.2-12.6) are auxiliary measures used to the elements of the objective function. The notations used are defined in Table 12.1. The weights wy and wy are used to combine the physical units selection and web service selection criteria in a single objective function. The physical units selection is performed to maximize e-retailer s profit calculated as a difference between revenues R and sourcing cost Ci, delivery cost C2 and fixed cost C3. The web service selection is performed to maximize infrastructure processing efficiency L. 

---