Electrospinning schematic

Scheme 4.1 The basic materials and process variables involved in electrospinning of polymer nanofibers. Electrospinning schematic reproduced here with pennission from Hsu and Shivkumar (2004b). Copyright 2004. Springer Science and Business...

Fig. 4 Path of a fluid jet in electrospinning, schematic representation as adapted from [19]...

Figure 6. Schematic showing the main components of an electrospinning apparams.

FIGURE 7.10 Schematic diagram of electrospinning. (From Dan Li, Jesse T. McCann, and Younan Xia, Electrospinning A simple and versatile technique for producing ceramic nanofibers and nanotubes, J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 2006, 89, 1861-69. With permission.)... 

FIGURE 5.26 Schematic of electrospinning of PEO nanofiber templates containing FeCh followed by vapor phase polymerization of pyrrole. An SEM image of the resulting PPy-PEO composite nanofibers is shown at top right comer. The scale bar for the image is about 500 nm. (After Nair, S., Natarajan, S., and Kim, S. H. 2005. Macromol. Rapid Commun.y 26,1599. With permission.)... 

Figure 4.2 Schematic illustration of the conventional set-up for electrospinning. The insets show a drawing of the electrified Taylor cone, bending instability, and a typical SEM Image of the nonwoven mat of PET nanofibers deposited on the collector. The bending Instability Is a transversal vibration of the electrospinning jet. It is enhanced by electrostatic repulsion and suppressed by surface tension...

Figure 4.3 Schematic Illustration of the set-up used to coelectrospin compound core-shell nanofibers. It involves the use of a spinneret consisting of two coaxial capillaries through which two polymer solutions can simultaneously be ejected to form a compound jet. (Reprinted with permission from Advanced Materials, Compound Core-Shell Polymer Nanofibers by Co-Electrospinning by Z. Sun, E. Zussman, A. L. Yarin eta ., 15, 22, 1929-1932. Copyright (2003) Wiley-VCH)...

Figure 4.12 Schematic illustration of the mechanism for preparing core-shell nanostructured conductive PPy composites. (Reprinted with permission from Materials Letters, Fabrication of Polyacrylonitrile/polypyrrole (PAN/Ppy) composite nanofibers and nanospheres with core shell structures by electrospinning by X. Li, X. Hao, H. Yu and H. Na, 62, 1155-1158.

Electrospinning is an attractive method that is rather unique to the preparation of polymer/ organic nanofibril materials. Figure 10.36 shows an exemplary schematic setup for CPNW fabrication by electrospinning [75]. By applying an electric field between a CP solution droplet held at a tip and a conductive substrate, thin polymer fibrils can be extracted from... 

FIGURE 55.5 Schematic of the dual spinneret electrospinning apparatus. (Reprinted from Int. J. Pharm., 364(1), Thakur, R.A., Florek, C.A., Kohn, J., and Michniak, B.B., Electrospun nanofibrous polymeric scaffold with targeted drug release profiles for potential application as wound dressing, 87-93. Copyright 2008, with... 

Figure 15.1 Schematic sketch of the electrospinning setup used for producing fibers with diameters in the micro/nanometer range. As an example of electrospinning application to cationic polymers, SEM images of (A) hydroxybutyl chitosan (HBC) nanofibers and (B) HBC/collagen blend nanofibers are shown. Both scaffolds are essentially constituted by fiber sizes in the nanometer range and can be handled without tearing. (Adapted from Dang and Leong with permission from Wiley-VCH.)...

Interfacial Electrokinetic Fiow, Fig. 5 Schematic illustration of the electrospinning setup for the generation of nanometer- and micron-sized fibers... 

FIGURE 7.4 Schematic drawing illustrating the electrospinning process to make conducting polymer nanostructures. Typically, a potential of several thousand volts is applied to overcome the surface tension. 

Figure 3.2 Schematic drawing of an extruder-based melt electrospinning system...

FIGURE 8.11 A schematic representation of the procedure for multiple-scale fibrous structures from electrospinning including SEM images of the undulated surface nanofibers. (Reprinted from Lim, J.M., et al., Langmuir 23, 7981, 2007. With permission.)... 

Figure 11.1 Schematic illustration of the basic electrospinning setup. (Reproduced with permission from Ref. [15] Copyright 2012 American Chemical Society.)...

Figure 2. (a) A schematic diagram of the typical electrospinning process, (b) SEM image of an elec-trospun polyacrylonitrile fiber mat. 

Figure 17.2 Schematic illustration of common methods, such as hard-template, and soft-template methods as well as electrospinning technology, for the preparation of conducting polymer nanostructures.

Schematic of the voltage dependence of the core-sheath fiber formation in co-axial electrospinning (a) lower voltage (b) critical voltage (c) higher voltage. ... 

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