Electron transfer effects

Boguslavsky, L. I. Electron Transfer Effects and the Mechanism of the Membrane Potential 18... 

Santos E, Schmickler W. 2007a. Catalyzed bond-breaking electron transfer Effect of the separation of the reactant from the electrode. J Electroanal Chem 607 101-106. 

The critical role of the ion-radical pair in the cycloaddition reactions in equation (75) is demonstrated by a careful measurement of the quantum yields as a function of the dienophile concentration and by a study of the effect of solvent and salt on the dynamics of the ion pair ANT+ , MA-. 212 However, in the reported cases, back electron transfer effectively competes with the coupling within the ion-radical pair and thus limits the quantum yields for the formation of the Diels-Alder adduct.212... 

The above electron trapping process promotes the electron transfer effects, which improves the photocatalytic activity of Eu-TiOz. At the same time, the positively charged vacancies (h+) remaining on the dye molecule can extract electrons from hydroxyl species in solution to produce hydroxyl radicals... 

Morre, R. K. White, W. B. (1971) Intervalence electron transfer effects in the spectra of melanaite garnets. Amer. Mineral., 56, 826-40. 

Ratner M. A. (1990), Bridge-assisted electron transfer effective electronic coupling , J. Phys. Chem. 94, 4877-A883. 

Electron transfer effects in porphyrins are of biological relevance for a number of reasons, not least in the understanding of mechanisms involved in photodynamic therapy. Studies reported include fluorescence quenching of porphyrins by oxidants such as p-benzoquinone , photoinduced electron transfer of porphyrin-acceptor molecules in solid state °, and ps experiments on quinone substituted monometallic porphyrin dimer which show evidence for super-exchange mediated electron transfer in photosynthetic systems . 

These can be divided into two main classes (1) those in which the electron transfer effects no net chemical change and (2) those in which there is a chemical change. The former, called electron-exchange processes, can be followed only indirectly, as by isotopic labelling or by nmr. The latter are the usual oxidation-reduction reactions and can be followed by many standard chemical and physical methods. The electron-exchange processes are of interest because of their particular suitability for theoretical study. 

Electron Transfer Effects and Mechanism of Membrane Potential... 

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