Electrodeposition aluminum film

A second coating of nickel is then electrodeposited onto the mother disc. This nickel layer, the stamper master, is peeled off and used to stamp the data impression onto melted polycarbonate plastic discs. The polycarbonate disc now has all of the pits found on the original glass master disc etched by the laser. Because polycarbonate is clear, it is vacuum coated with a thin aluminum film to produce the reflective layer required by the laser. This delicate aluminum layer is covered with a protective layer of polycarbonate to prevent aluminum oxidation and marring of the data surface. The back of the CD can now be covered with information in the form of art and lettering. 

Figure 12.20 Impedance modulus of bare aluminum sample, and aluminum sample coated with dip-coated and electrodeposited PhTMS films (recorded at -0.74V versus Hg/Hg2S04 with the same exposure area). (Adapted with permission from Ref. [73].)...

Other recent materials created using these ordered arrays include porous nickel phosphide film for lithium ion batteries, porous aluminum films for lithium electrodeposition, macroporous silicon films for optics, cobalt metal nanoarrays of various morphologies for biomedicine," macro-/ nanoporous gold films for electrocatalysis, " silver bowls as SERS substrates, and complex macroporous gold and polypyrrole films. ... 

Fig. 10 Schematic representation of the nanoreplication processes from block copolymers, a Growth of high-density nanowires from a nanoporous block copolymer thin film. An asymmetric PS-fc-PMMA diblock copolymer was aligned to form vertical PMMA cylinders under an electric field. After removal of the PMMA minor component, a nanoporous film is formed. By electrodeposition, an array of nanowires can be replicated in the porous template (adapted from [43]). b Hexagonally packed array of aluminum caps generated from rod-coil microporous structures. Deposition of aluminum was achieved on the photooxidized area of the rod-coil honeycomb structure (Taken from [35])...

Figure 12.11 shows the XRD patterns of a nanocrystalline Al film obtained at a constant potential of —1.7V for 2h at 100°C in the ionic liquid [Pyip] TFSA containing 1.6 M AICI3 on a glassy carbon substrate. The XRD patterns show the characteristic diffraction patterns of crystalline Al, furthermore the peaks are rather broad, indicating the small crystallite size of the electrodeposited Al. The grain size of Al was determined using Scherrer s equation to be 34 nm. For more information on the electrodeposition of nanocrystalline aluminum in the employed ionic liquid we refer to Refs. [3, 4]. 

There are a variety of materials that can be used as sacrificial cores. Inorganic sacrificial materials include Si02 and metals such as aluminum, " titanium, and nickel. Polymers such as PI, PMMA, PC, and photoresist have also been used as sacrificial materials. After deposition of the cover film, removal of the sacrificial layer can be achieved by dissolution, etching, or thermal degradation. These removal methods each have benefits and drawbacks selection of the optimal approach is specific to particular combinations of substrate, sacrificial layer, and cover film 73, 3 Recently Whitesides and coworkers " implemented a fabrication method using water-soluble sacrificial cores. Poly(acrylic acid) and dextran proved to be effective sacrificial layers that could be dissolved in water or aqueous NaCl, for making metallic microstructures by nickel electrodeposition. 

Chloroaluminate ionic liquids have been used in the electrodeposition of aluminum and aluminum-transition metal alloys. Transition metal-aluminum alloys are valued for their corrosion resistance and magnetic properties. A convenient method for creating thin alloy films is through the electrodeposition of two or more metals. The electrodeposition of aluminum and aluminum alloys from aqueous solutions is complicated by the fact that... 

The electrodeposition of PPy films on an aluminum substrate firom nitric acid solution was carried out by both potentiodynamic and potentiostatic methods [181]. Oxidation and passivation of the Al occurred first, followed by nucleation and growth of the polymer. It was suggested that polymer... 

There have been a few new reports on the use of PANI for corrosion protection of aluminum and its alloys [228-230]. PANI films electrodeposited at pure aluminum from a tosylic acid containing solution... 

---