Electrical dangers

When work is to be carried out on a part of a circuit or piece of electrical apparatus, certain precautions need to be taken to protect the worker concerned from electrical danger. The electricity supply should first of all be switched out and locked off to ensure that the circuit or apparatus being worked upon is effectively electrically isolated and cannot become live. 

Hearn, G. 2005a. What sparks danger in solvent extraction Min. Mag. (March) 32-33. Hearn, G. 2005b. Static electricity danger inherent in the solvent extraction process. In Proceedings ALTA SX/IX world summit on SX fire protection, Melbourne ALTA Metallurgical Services. 

Recognizing electrical hazards on a worksite Electrical dangers... 

The electrical standards help minimize potential electric-related hazards by specifying safety aspects in the design and use of electrical equipment and systems. Currently the standards cover only those parts of any electrical system that an employee would normally use or contact. For example, the exposed and/or operating elements of an electrical installation—lighting, equipment, motors, machines, appliances, switches, controls, and enclosures — must be constructed and installed so as to minimize workplace electrical dangers. 

To safeguard against electrical dangers, such as arc flash, utilizing PPE like flame-resistant apparel can provide the precise level of protection needed to ensure employees are safe without impacting productivity. 

Eddy Currents ttike their name from the swirls (eddies) observed in turbulent water flow. The Greek mythology tells us about Charybdis. A monster eddy current between Italy and Sicily whose attractive field pulled unwary sailors to their destruction. Our kind of eddy currents are usually not so dangerous, they flow in electrical conductors and are a branch of Electromagnetics. Where does that spring from Could it make eddy currents the very oldest NDT technique ... 

Dry nitrocellulose, which bums rapidly and furiously, may detonate if present in large quantities or if confined. Nitrocellulose is a dangerous material to handle in the dry state because of sensitivity to friction, static electricity, impact, and heat. Nitrocellulose is always shipped wet with water or alcohol. The higher the nitrogen content the more sensitive it tends to be. Even nitrocellulose having 40% water detonates if confined and sufftcientiy activated. AH large-scale processes use nitric—sulfuric acid mixtures for nitration (127—132). 

Peripheral Components In addition to the stack, a power supply, pumps for diluate and concentrate, instrumentation, tanks for cleaning, and other peripherals are required. Safety devices are mandatoiy given the dangers posed by electricity, hydrogen, and chlorine. 

A particular type of anodic danger arises in the interiors of pipes and storage tanks that are filled with an electrolyte and consist of similar or different metals, which, however, are electrically separated by insulating units. Potential differences are produced from external cathodic protection and are active in the interior [29,30]. These processes are dealt with in more detail in Sections 10.3.5,20.1.4, and 24.4.6. 

A similar danger of corrosion lies in cell formation in steel-concrete foundations (see Section 4.3). Such steel-concrete cells are today the most frequent cause of the increasing amount of premature damage at defects in the coating of new steel pipelines. The incidence of this type of cell formation is increased by the connection of potential-equalizing conductors in internal gas pipelines and domestic water pipelines [25], as well as by the increased use of reinforcing steel in concrete foundations for grounding electrical installations [26]. 

The danger of corrosion is in general greater for pipelines in industrial installations than in long-distance pipelines because in most cases cell formation occurs with steel-reinforced concrete foundations (see Section 4.3). This danger of corrosion can be overcome by local cathodic protection in areas of distinct industrial installations. The method resembles that of local cathodic protection [1]. The protected area is not limited, i.e., the pipelines are not electrically isolated from continuing and branching pipelines. 

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