Electric static/dynamic

This is important because one of these types of electricity will operate the components of an electronic circuit and the other will destroy it. Even though the amperage of static electricity is low compared to the amperage of dynamic electricity, static electricity destroys electronic components. 

The engineering sciences (such as statics, dynamics, strength of materials, transport processes, and electricity) can be described as refinements or adaptations of physical fundamentals. Some others, however (such as information theory and control systems), are conceptual in nature and lend themselves well to mathematical manipulation. Hence relevant mathematical attributes have been included here along with engineering sciences not directly related to physics. 

In the above discussion of the shell-model, we have assumed that the atoms or ions are not statically polarized. This is only the case for structures with sufficiently high symmetry. However, in general structures, the ions are often located at sites with low symmetry and therefore carry static induced electronic dipoles. Examples are layer structures such as Pbl. Because of the large polarizabilities of the nonmetals, we expect that their electric static dipole moments are important for the understanding of static and dynamic properties of these layer compounds. An extended shell model for... 

EMU, the electromagnetic system of electrical units based on dynamics. ESU, the electrostatic system of electrical units based on static data. 

Smythe, W.R., Static and Dynamic Electricity, 3rd edn. Hemisphere Publishing Company, New York, 1989. 

Electrical phenomena may generally be classified as sialic or dynamic. In static phenomena, current or charges do not flow or the flow is only momentary. Most... 

Many plastic products seen in everyday life are not required to undergo sophisticated design analysis because they are not required to withstand high static and dynamic loads (Chapter 2). Examples include containers, cups, toys (Fig. 10-1), boxes, housings for computers, radios, televisions and the like, electric iron (Fig. 10-2), recreational products (Figs. 10-3 and 10-4) and nonstructural... 

These compounds have been the subject of several theoretical [7,11,13,20)] and experimental[21] studies. Ward and Elliott [20] measured the dynamic y hyperpolarizability of butadiene and hexatriene in the vapour phase by means of the dc-SHG technique. Waite and Papadopoulos[7,ll] computed static y values, using a Mac Weeny type Coupled Hartree-Fock Perturbation Theory (CHFPT) in the CNDO approximation, and an extended basis set. Kurtz [15] evaluated by means of a finite perturbation technique at the MNDO level [17] and using the AMI [22] and PM3[23] parametrizations, the mean y values of a series of polyenes containing from 2 to 11 unit cells. At the ab initio level, Hurst et al. [13] and Chopra et al. [20] studied basis sets effects on and y. It appeared that diffuse orbitals must be included in the basis set in order to describe correctly the external part of the molecules which is the most sensitive to the electrical perturbation and to ensure the obtention of accurate values of the calculated properties. 

Smythe, W., 1950. Static and Dynamic electricity. McGraw-Hill, New-York. 

We only consider static response properties in this chapter, which arise from fixed external field. Their dynamic counterparts describe the response to an oscillating electric field of electromagnetic radiation and are of great importance in the context of non-linear optics. As an entry point to the treatment of frequency-dependent electric response properties in the domain of time-dependent DFT we recommend the studies by van Gisbergen, Snijders, and Baerends, 1998a and 1998b. 

The classical theory predicts values for the dynamic exponents of s = 0 and z = 3. Since s = 0, the viscosity diverges at most logarithmically at the gel point. Using Eq. 1-14, a relaxation exponent of n = 1 can be attributed to classical theory [34], Dynamic scaling based on percolation theory [34,40] does not yield unique results for the dynamic exponents as it does for the static exponents. Several models can be found that result in different values for n, s and z. These models use either Rouse and Zimm limits of hydrodynamic interactions or Electrical Network analogies. The following values were reported [34,39] (Rouse, no hydrodynamic interactions) n = 0.66, s = 1.35, and z = 2.7, (Zimm, hydrodynamic interactions accounted for) n = 1, s = 0, and z = 2.7, and (Electrical Network) n = 0.71, s = 0.75 and z = 1.94. 

Turning from just considerations of material components then we look next in a little more detail at energy. Missing usually from courses in chemistry or biochemistry is the description of energy applied to systems in bulk fields. The study in these courses of such fields, such as gravitational and electric (perhaps we should also add magnetic) fields, is usually confined to static, not to dynamic situations in which... 

F. Marai, S. Romdhane, L. Hassine, M. Majdoub, and H. Bouchriha, Static and dynamic electrical investigations on AVB polymer light emitting diodes, Synth. Met., 132 117-122, 2003. 

W. R. Smythe, Static and Dynamic Electricity, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1950. 88A. A. Rashin and B. Honig, J. Phys. Chem. 89 (1985) 5588. 

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